LANGUAGE AND LITERATURE: TERM 1 STUDY MATERIAL

STUDY MATERIAL

CLASS X

2016-2017

Prepared by - Ms. Smruti Palo, TGT(English)	Chief Patron Dr.D.Vijaya PRINCIPAL
Published by : K V MALKAPURAM

PREFACE

Study material for class X is a comprehensive book designed to prepare the students of class X of Kendriya Vidyalaya for SA-1 exam. This material is based strictly on the latest Secondary School Curriculum issued by the CBSE, New Delhi. This material contains a plethora of both solved and unsolved questions on all questions – Reading, Writing, Grammar and Literature. The book is designed section – wise and each section has separate specifications along with marking scheme patterns.

The Reading Section contains factual, literary and discursive passages selected from different subjects of interest. The solved and the unsolved passages along with specifications and tips help the students develop reading skills and word attack techniques.

In writing section, ample exercises have been given for practice. The model answers for writing tasks provides the students with clues as how to write relevant answers.

The grammar sections focuses on all important grammatical/items that are specified for the examination. It contains items specifically on tenses, reported speech and active passive voice. It also provides independent exercises along with integrated exercises to make the students familiar with the structural items and grammar usage.

The Literature Section contains extracts from the lesson to give an in-depth explanation of the story.This will help the students to understand the lessons thoroughly.

This study material will be immensely useful to the students in preparing thoroughly for the examination. The practice questions will surely boost the confidence of the student.

We wish the students great success.

CONTENTS

1. Outline of syllabus and pattern of question paper.

2. SECTION A (READING)

· Solved passages (2) 8 marks

· Unsolved passages (3) 8 marks

· Solved passages (2) 12 marks

· Unsolved passages (3) 12 marks

3. SECTION B (WRITING AND GRAMMAR)

· Article writing

ü Solved exercise

ü Unsolved exercise

· Letter writing

ü Solved exercise

ü Unsolved exercise

· Report writing

ü Solved exercise

· Story writing

ü Solved exercise

ü Unsolved exercise

· Revision of tenses

ü Solved exercise

ü Unsolved exercise

· Reported speech

ü Solved exercise

ü Unsolved exercise

· Active and Passive voice

ü Solved exercise

ü Unsolved exercise

· Integrated grammar practice

ü Editing

v Solved exercise

v Unsolved exercise

ü Fill in the blanks

v Solved exercise

v Unsolved exercise

ü Reordering of jumbled words

v Solved exercise

v Unsolved exercise

4. SECTION C (LITERATURE)

· Fiction

· Poetry

· Drama

5. SOLVED SAMPLE PAPER

6. UNSOLVED SAMPLE PAPER

TERM - I SYLLABUS

LITERATURE

§ Two Gentlemen of Verona.

§ Mrs. Packletide’s Tiger.

§ The letter.

POETRY

§ The Frog and the Nightingale.

§ Mirror.

§ Not marble, nor the Gilded Monuments.

DRAMA

§ The Dear Departed

MAIN COURSE BOOK

§ Health and Medicine

§ Education

§ Science

§ The Story of My Life (HELEN KELLER)

CHAPTER -- 01- 14

Pattern of Question Paper

2016-17 (SA-1)

Section		Total weight-age 90
A	Reading skills	20
B	Writing skills with grammar	25
C	Literature textbook and long reading text	25
D	Assessment of speaking and listening (ASL)	20
	Total	90

Section A (Reading) -20 M

1. Literary passage - 8M

2. Discursive passage -12 M

Section B (Writing & Grammar) – 25M

3. Letter to Editor / article for 100-120 words – 5M

4. Short story with outline or clues 150-200 words - 10M

5. Gap filling with prepositions, articles, conjunction, and

tenses - 3M

6. Editing or omission - 4M

7. Sentence reordering - 3M

Section C (literature & Novel) – 25m

8. Extract from prose/poem/play - 3M

9. Four short questions - 2X4= 8M

10. One long question - 4M

11. Very long question (novel) 150-200 words - 10M

SECTION – A

Solved example

1 .Read the following passage carefully . 8 marks

1. On December 3,1971, at 3:50 p.m the Pakistan Air Force strafed 11 Indian airfields on the western front from Srinagar to Jodhpur. Orders were issued to strike back by land , by air and by sea and with that India and Pakistan went to war for the third time since Independence .

2. The Indian Army along with the MuktiBahini launched a three-pronged attack on East Pakistan . The enemy forces were outnumbered and outflanked . Pakistan ground force could get no support from their air force since the Dacca airfield had been strafted and twenty aircraft on the tarmac had been destroyed .

3. The Indian Navy had blockaded the Bay of Bengal making sure that no reinforcements could reach by sea . In an orchestrated move rumors were spread that India attempted to launch a major assault on Dacca.

4. On December 11 , two caribou aircraft , with dummies dressed as paratroopers lifted off from Agra. The Pakistan Army was conned into believing that the entire Parachute Brigade had been deployed while , in fact , only the 2^nd Parachute Battalion commanded by Lt.Col.K S Pannu , was dropped at Tangail in East Pakistan and ordered to march in and surround Dacca. Pakistani troops were taken by surprise and abandoned their positions . Maj.Rao Farman Ali military advisor to the governor general of East Pakistan lost his nerve and approached the UN Security Council for a ceasefire.

5. Pamphlets of the Indian Army Chief’s speech telling Pakistani soldiers to surrender were translated into Urdu, Punjabi ,Pashto and Bengali the language spoken by Pakistani soldiers were dropped over East Pakistan further demoralized the Pakistani solders .

6. At 4:30 p.m on 16 December at Dacca’s Ramna Race Course, Lt. Gen.Amir Abudullah Khan Niazi signed the instrument of surrender and handed over his pistol, his lanyard and badges of rank to Lt. Gen .Jagjit Singh Aurora, GOC-in-C Eastern Command , bringing the war to an end with the unconditional surrender of 92,000 officers and men of the Pakistan Army. The Indian Parliament exploded with jubilation on hearing the news .It was India’s finest hour .

Q.Answer the following question briefly .

(a) What event marked of the war with Pakistan ?

(b) What orders were given to the Indian army following the attack ?

(d) What action had Indian navy taken ?

(e) How was the Pakistan Army duped by the Paratroopers?

(f) When were the Pakistan forces taken by surprise ?

(g) What action demoralized the Pakistan soldiers ?

(h)Who signed the Instrument of Surrender and how ?

Answers

(a) On 3^rd December 1971 , the Pakistan Air Force strafed 11 Indian airfields on the western front marking the start of the third war with Pakistan.

(b) Orders were issued on the Indian side to strike back by land, sea and air .

(c) Pakistan forces could not get any support from the air force since the Daccaairfield had been strafed and their aircraft were grounded on the tarmac at the Dacca airport.

(d) The Indian Navy had blocked the Bay of Bengal making sure that no reinforcements reached the Pakistani forces by sea.

(e) As two caribou aircraft had been fitted with dummies and lifted off from Agra, the Pakistan Army believed that the entire Parachute Brigade had been dispatched against them , whereas only a single battalion had been sent.

(f) The Pakistan Forces were taken by surprise when the Parachute Battalion dropped at Tangali and had marched into Dacca .

(g) The speech of the Indian Army Chief, translated into Punjabi,Pastho,Bengali and Urdu, was dropped as leaflets into enemy region , on demoralized the Pakistani soldiers .

(h) Lt. Gen Amir Abdullah Niazi, signed the instrument of surrender and handed over his pistol , lanyard and badges of rank to Lt.Gen. Jagjit Singh Aurora , the GOC-in-C Eastern Command, at the Ramma Race Course.

2.Read the following passage carefully:

Solved example 8M

Power foods are foods that provide reach levels of nutrition like fibre, potassium, and minerals. With people becoming increasingly health conscious today, a lot of fitness trainers encourage their clients to include these foods in their daily diet to increase muscle development. There are various ways of incorporating power foods in your daily diet. Of course the key to enjoying power foods is proper preparation of these foods, the use of season-fresh foods, and identifying your choice of flavor among power foods.

Some of the recommended power food combinations are those that are prepared in our kitchens on a regular basis. Take for instance the combination of chickpeas and onions. This combination is a powerful source of iron which is required by the body to transfer oxygen to its various parts. Iron deficiency can lead to anaemia, fatigue, brain fog and tiredness. A study by the Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry says that sulphur compounds in onion and garlic help in the absorption of iron and zinc from chickpeas. This combination is a hit with teenagers who need to be diligent about getting iron in their diet. A quick way to prepare this power food is chickpeas salad with chopped onions, chat masala and cilantro.

Another favourite combination with power food takers is yoghurt and bananas. This makes for a perfect snack after a rough game of football. Exercising burns glucose and thus lowers blood sugar. Yoghurt is packed with proteins that help preserve muscle mass, and bananas are packed with carbohydrates that help in refueling energy and preventing muscle soreness. A quick and easy recipe with bananas is a banana smoothie topped with cool yoghurt.

Among beverages, green tea is the beat source of catechins that are effective in halting oxidative damage to cells. According to researchers at the Purdue University, adding a dash of lemon juice to green tea makes the catechins even more easily absorbable by the body. So the next time you are with your friends serve them rounds of iced green tea with mint and lemon juice.

Q. Answer the following passage carefully.

(a) What are power foods?

(b) What are the rules regarding the partaking of power foods?

(d) Suggest a quick recipe with chickpeas and onions.

(e) Why is yoghurt and bananas an enriching power food?

(f) Why is green tea a recommended power food?

(g) What is the advantage of combining green tea with lemon?

(h) What is the key to enjoying power foods in a wholesome way?

Answers

(a) Power foods are foods that provide rich levels of nutrition like fibre, potassium, and minerals to help increase muscle power.

(b) One of the key factors behind partaking power foods in our diet is their proper preparation, and using seasons- fresh ingredient.

(c) Onions and garlic in our diet provide sulphur compounds which in turn help in the absorption of iron and zinc from chickpeas.

(d) A quick recipe with chickpea and onions is a chickpea salad using onions, cilantro, chaat masala along with chickpeas.

(e) Yoghurt and bananas forms an enriching combination because the yoghurt is packed with proteins that help preserve muscle mass and bananas are packed with carbohydrates that help in refueling energy and preventing muscle soreness.

(f) Green tea contains catechins that are an effective means of halting the oxidative damage to cell.

(g) When lemon juice is added to green tea, then the catechins in the tea are more easily absorbed by the body.

(h) The key to enjoying power foods in a wholesome way is the proper preparation of these foods, and the use of season-fresh foods and identifying your choice of flavor among power foods.

PASSAGES FOR PRACTICE

3. Read the following passage carefully: 8M

Cyber security researchers have developed a technique that can fight the ‘Heartbleed’ virus. The device also traps hackers trying to steal sensitive data. This is a major breakthrough because the ‘Heartbleed’ virus has sent alarm bells ringing across the globe, including India, as it can expose millions of passwords, credit card numbers and sensitive information to hackers.

The new device has been developed at the University of Texas in Dallas and has been named ‘Red Herring’. The devise automates a process whereby decoy servers are created making hackers believe that they have gained access to confidential, secure information, when in fact their deeds are being monitored, analysed, and traced back to source.

The attackers think they are winning because the ‘Red Herring’ keeps them on the hook longer so the server owner can attack them and their activities. Keeping them on longer is also a way to discover what these nefarious individuals are trying to do.

The ‘Heartbleed’ virus is said to have affected two-thirds of websites previously to be secure. These are websites that use the computer code SSL to encrypt secure internet connections that are used for sensitive purposes, such as online banking and purchasing sending and receiving emails and remotely accessing work networks.

But while the ‘Heartbleed’ virus is now in the process of being fixed victims face the challenge of not knowing who may already be exploiting it to steal the information.

In the meantime, the ‘Red Herring’ device does not stop at being a decoy and a blocker. It can also lead to catching the attacker. As the attacker thinks he or she is stealing data, an analyst from the ‘Red Herring’ is tracking the attack to find out what information the attacker is after, how the malicious code works and who is sending the code. In this way, the trackers can find their victim within hours.

Q. Answer the following questions briefly.

(a) What virus can cyber security trackers now intercept?

(b) Why is the Heartbleed virus regarded as dangerous globally?

(d) How does the ‘Red Herring’ work?

(e) Why does the ‘Red Herring’ keep hackers on the hook for long?

(f) What is the extent to which the virus has spread?

(g) Besides being a decoy what else can the ‘Red Herring’ do?

(h) How can attackers be caught within hours?

4.Read the following passage carefully:

A small set of kindness can make a big difference. RavinderDudeja, 55, is one such example. RavinderDudeja set up the NGO after losing his son to Thalassaemia. Foundation AgainstThalassaemia takes care of 160 children suffering from the disease. “I lost my son at the age of 18 due to Thalassaemia in 2003,” Dudeja told the Hindustan Times , adding, “We had to search from one city to another for blood. Because of the non-availability of blood in those days, we could not save my son.”

“That is when I realized that there were many other families whose children were also suffering from this disease and who too were unable to get blood required for transfusion and since then we are working for these children, arranging timely and free blood for them with the help of some hospital and other social organizations”. Said Dudeja.

“Thalassaemia is a genetic, incurable disease in which the affected child is unable to maintain normal hemoglobin level and is completely dependant on the periodic blood transfusion and regular supply of medicines till the very end of their lives”, Dudeja said, “and expensive medicines that cost approximately Rs.5 to 10 thousand per month.”

“My daughter was diagnosed with malaria when she was 11 months old and we later came to know that she was suffering from Thalasseamia”, said Rita Nagpal. “It was extremely difficult to arrange blood in less than a month’s time.” Nagpal then enrolled her daughter with Foundation AgainstThalassaemia, which is now arranging blood and medicines for her.

“Foundation AgainstThalassaemia is the only one organization in Haryana, which is fighting a battle of survival for the children suffering from the deadly disease on a large scale and arranges blood and medicines for them free of cost”. RavinderDudeja says.

The NGO also motivates the general public to come forward for donating blood. In order to keep these children happy, this NGO also arranges picnics for them.

Answer the following questions briefly.

(a) What did Dudeja do after he lost his son to Thalassaemia?

(b) Why could Dudeja not save his son?

(d) What is Thalassaemia?

(e) What else does the NGO do?

(f) What is done to ensure happiness of children?

(g) What is the main difficultly before the parents of a Thalassaemiapatient?

(h) What message does the passage give?

SOLVED EXAMPLE

1. NEHRU AND NIRALA 12m

Many year ago the anthropologist TrilokiNarainPandey told me a story featuring Jawaharlal Nehru and the poet SuryakantTripati “NIRALA”. The Prime Minister had just returned from a visit to the people’s republic of China. He was addressing a public meeting in his home town, Allahabad, where Nirala then lived and where Trilokpandey then studied. The poet sat in the front row bare bodied his chest rubbed with oil –for, he a passionate wrestler had come straight from a session at the akhara. He cut a striking figure, the shining torso contrasting white beard and shock of white hair

Nehru accepted a garland or two from admirers, before launching into the speech “I have come from china,” he began “and heard there a story of a great king who had two sons. One was wise and the other was stupid. When the boys reached adulthood, the king told the stupid one that he could have his throne, for he was fit only to be a ruler. But the wise one, he said, was destined for greater things- he would be a poet”. With these words Nehru took the garland of his head and flung it as an offering at Nirala’s feet.

This is a wonderful story, which sounds better in the original Hindi. Recently I came across some documentary proof that Nehru did, indeed, have both affection and admiration for Nirala. This is tucked away in an appendix to five decades. D.S. Rao’s history of the SahityaAkademi. The Akademi was formally inaugurated on March 12, 1954, at a function held in the central hall of parliament. The next day the prime ministerwrotea letter about Nirala to the Akademi’s newly appointed secretary, Krishna Kripalani. “Nirala” said Nehru, “had done good work in the past and even now sometimes writes well in his lucid moments. His books were still popularly and widely read and used as text books. But in his folly or extremity, Nirala had sold all those books for a song to various publisher getting just 25 or 30 or 50 rupees. The whole copyright was supposed to be sold. Thus, publishers have made large sums of money and continue to make it while Nirala gets nothing from it and practically starves.” The prime Minister suggested the Akademi to sanction a monthly allowance of a hundred rupees to help Nirala.

1. Complete the following statements

a) TrilokiNarainPandey, an anthoropologist told the story______________________________________________

b) The Prime minister had just returned from -__________________________________________--

c) Nirala was bare bodied _________________________________________

d) Nirala cut a striking figure___________________________________

e) Nehru took the garland off his head ___________________________

f) Nehru did, indeed, have both____________________________

g) It was the letter that the Prime Minister wrote to____________

h) “Nirala practically straves” so Nehru suggested that the Akademi sanctioned _______________________________________

2) Find the MEANING OF THE FOLLOWING

a) Anthropologist

b) Passionate

c) Torso

D) Folly

1) Answer

a) featuring Nehru and the poet SuryakantTripati “NIRALA”

b) a visit to People’s Republic of china.

c) his chest rubbed with oil, for he was a passionate wrestler, had come straight from session at the akhara.

d) theshing torso contrasting with the white beard and hair.

e) and flung it as an offering at Nirala’s feet.

f) affection and admiration for Nirala.

g) theSahityaAkademi’s newly appointed secretary.

h) a monthly allowance of a hundred rupees to help Nirala.

2)a man who studies science of man.

b) easily moved by strong feelings.

C) human body without head, arms and legs.

d) mistake

2. Read the following passage carefully. 12 M

Solved example

1. The most important trait of a leader is authenticity and self-knowledge. As a leader you need to be clear about your values and belief system. This self-knowledge is a compass to navigate complex situations. Secondly, in order to lead, one should have clarity of vision and the ability to communicate it . The obstacle to good communication is not the lack of verbal skills alone. It is also the capacity to view one’s targets and goals through a self-generated lens that sees the world on our own terms . Each of us is informed differently and our view of the world is seen through our own lens and that may be opaque to someone else . A great example of seeing through a different lens can be found in a family with different generations. The third treat for leadership is curiosity. Leadership is about change. The ability to respond to change is particularly critical to business leaders as the pace of innovation in business is very rapid.

2. When it is a family running a business, family shareholders have to proactively learn best practices for sustaining a closely-held business over generations. The group must wrestle out issues together to arrive at a solution that is in line with the overall vision of the company to benefit the business and its shareholders. It is inevitable to have conflicts as members are from different background and different age groups.

3. In a family-run business most members are worried about transition. Generally it is seen that up to the third generation, there is a clear view of the business, his values. The next generation, following the third, is not only larger but more distanced from the company’s origins. Their challenges will include aligning with a smaller sub-set of the family members and balancing collective versus individual achievement.

4. In conclusion, we can say that leaders start out with a vision. Having a vision to lead requires clarity of purpose and direction. Also, leaders need to have the ability to communicate and motivate people to work towards a vision, It is also important that they should inspire others to trust and support them.

1 Answer the following questions in about 30-40 words.

(a) What are the three traits required of a leader?

(b) Why are individual lens views different ?

(c)What are the secrets of running a successful family-run business ?

(d) Which generation is the most venerable in a family-run business ?Why ?

2 Read the following questions and write the option you consider the most appropriate in your answer sheet.

(a) The term compass used in the passage means………….

(1) an instrument to draw a circle (2) a ruler

(3) work towards accomplishing something (4) include

(b) The term ‘trait’ in the passage means…..

(1) the special feature of a person (2) a traitor

(3) the short form of ‘straight’ (4) the old fashioned spelling of treat

(1) transformation(2) the middle class in a school

(3) a variety of formation (4) a motor car racing terminology

(d) The term ‘aligning’ in the passage means……

(1) makingan other lining (2) falling in line

(3) giving a different point of view (4) joining with a particular group

Answers.

1 (a)The qualities of a leader is firstly sleek-knowledge to navigate difficult situations. Secondly, he must have clarity of vision. Thirdly , he must be curious in order to respond to change.

(b) Individual lens views differ because the lens view gives us the ability to examine targets in business on our own terms . These terms which are clear to us might be opaque to another who is brought up under different circumstances

(c) A successful family-run business must proactively learn best practices for sustaining a closely-held business over generations . The group must wrestle out issues together and reach solutions in line with the overall vision of the company . Their decisions must benefit the business and its shareholders .

(d) The third generation in a family-run business is most vulnerable because their next generation is not only larger but more distanced from the company’s origins . They have to face a smaller sub-set of the family and thereby balance collective and individual achievement

2 (a) (3) (b) (1) (c) (1) (d) (4)

PASSAGES FOR PRACTICE

3. Read the following passage carefully . 12 M

1.In the recent years, a growing trend toward vegetarianism and veganism has arisen among young people due to their awareness of health , the environment and compassion for animals. A recent poll conducted by a non-profit organization dedicated to educating the public on vegetarianism , revealed that 0.5 of all the U.S children aged 6-17 are vegan.

2.Although some parents may be initially puzzled about how to prepare vegetarian food , many families with vegetarian children report that it is now much easier to find kids-friendly veggie food items such as soymilk , vegetable broth and veggie burgers in local grocery stores. According to one registered dietician and mother of two vegetarian teenagers, “it seems to get easier every year. It’s not just grocery stores. More and more schools , camps and colleges have added vegetarian options to their menus, as well as many fast-food chains and family restaurants.”

3.Indeed , the notion that one child’s choice to become a vegetarian can have a positive influence on the whole family is well founded. But can a person get enough protein from a vegetarian diet? Some curious friends and family members may pose this question to parents of new vegetarians. Protein is an important nutrient required for the building , maintenance and repair of body tissues, but many people are surprised to learn that the body’s protein needs are actually much lower than what an average non-vegetarian consumers. Even for those who need more protein than the typical person, such as athletes and women who are pregnant or breastfeeding, an extra serving of legumes, tofu , meat substitutes or other proteins foods can help meet needs that go beyond the current recommended daily allowance.

4.“A vegetarian diet can be very healthy if it’s done intelligently”, says Elizabeth turner, executive editor of Los Angeles based vegetarian Times magazine and Myrtle McCulloch, an assistant professor of nutrition Georgetown University’s Department of International Health in Washington, concurs .Her key advice for parents of vegetarians, especially vegans, is to make sure they get enough Vitamin B12, and suggests fortified soy products such as tofu and soymilk as an excellent source of this nutrient.

5.To parents with children who express an interest in becoming vegetarian , she advices , “Honour your child’s wish”. In conclusion, as more and more young people go the vegetarian route through compassion and an awakened consciousness, they are providing the righteous foundation for future generations and the world to somebody become fully vegetarian .

2.1 Answer the following questions in about 30-40 words.

(a) what is the reason behind young people in the USA turning vegans?

(b) How the families and society supporting the young brigade in meeting with their demand of vegetarian food?

(d) What should be parents ‘ reaction towards children’s interest in becoming vegetarian?

2.2 Read the following questions and write the option you consider the most appropriate in your answer sheet.

(a) A word similar in meaning to ‘kindness’ is ……………

(1) dedicated (2) compassion

(3) honour (4) consciousness

(b) The word ‘produce’ is just opposite in meaning to ……….. in the passage

(1) consume (2) reveal

(3) source (4) arisen

(1) every (2) initially

(3) current (4) now

(d) The word ‘concurs’ means to …………

(1) agree (2) connect

(3) conclude (4) think

4. Read the following passage carefully .

1. Music is perhaps one of the most popular and widely practiced forms of fine Arts, transcending all kinds of cultural and linguistic barriers. Any form of fine art is difficult to master and almost impossible to perfect and music is no exception.

2. Nature, it is learnt, has blessed almost two kinds of the human race with musical ability of some sort. Music has the power to bring out the deepest emotions. It can make one cry or bring a smile on one’s face. In fact it is a magic medicine and many seek refuge in it when they are depressed or stressed, It is this intimacy that makes us listen to music or even hum or sing something. This singing, or realistically speaking, expressing one’s emotion musically, something takes a serious turn. This desire toshowcase musical expression in public domain then transforms into serious business profession. And from here the musical journey begins.

3. This desire to sing before an audience is innocent and beautiful and indeed it is perfectly alright to have such a genuine desire. But it is important to understand that singing is an intricate art-a highly refined one at that, which requires systematic, prolonged and rigorous training., even to pass muster. This is an aspect we forget in our keen desire to reach the stage and perform. It is almost like preparing a formal meal for some specially invited guests, without even having learnt and experienced the basic aspects of cooking. This is why we have more noise and less music in the present.

4. These day almost everyone sings and it does not stop here. Most of us want to become professional singers. Result, a complete disregard for and ignorance of the training part , as the need is never felt to go through one and the urge to get the stage and perform overpowers the slight inclination to learn, if any. If at all , somewhere along the way one feels the need to gain some knowledge and training ., it leads to hurried shortcuts and half-hearted attempts, best described as “Crash Course “.

5. It is observed that those who have attained the so called partial success . Suddenly feel that they lack the required knowledge and are not learned enough. But it is to late by then. It should understood here that the stage or a performance brings in a different mindset within the artist. It is always recommended and rightly so that while on stage, cover the mistakes and weakness if any and get along. But the contrary is true when it comes acquiring knowledge and during the learning process. While under training , the student is expected is to make mistakes but then rectify those mistakes under the supervision and guidance of the teacher . Therefore it is good to make mistakes and then be corrected during the process of learning as this subsequently makes one flawless and educated. This is a different mindset . And these two mindsets discussed above ,( those of a performer and that of a student )can’t co exist .

5.1 Read the given questions and write the answer in about 30-40 words.

(a) How can we say that music is magic?

(b) How do people get transformed from humming tunes to becoming professional musicians?

(d) Why cannot the mindset of a performer and a student co-exist?

5.2 Choose the correct option that is closet in meaning to the words given below.

(a) What is meant by ‘transcending’?

(1) limiting (2) exceeding (3) crossing (4) believing

(b) What is the meaning of ‘refuse’?

(1) comfort (2) hide (3) sleep (4) help

c) ‘Domain’ stands for…

(1) land (2)field (3) district (4) wing

(d)The meaning of ‘inclination’ is ….

(1) affection (2) bias (3) pleasure (4) a tendency

SECTION B

WRITING SKILLS

ARTICLE WRITING - 5M

FORMAT

§ Heading/title must be catchy and sharp

§ By- name of the author

§ Body

I Para- Introduction –

Start with a slogan, a question, an amazing fact, figure or statement.

II/III Para- Cause, Effects, Present state of affairs, etc.

IV Para - Draw solution and conclusion.

Solved Example

1) You decide to write an article for the school magazine on how it is important to save the plant, Earth. Write the article in about 180 words.

SAVE THE PLANET, EARTH

By Suresh Kumar

This is a cause of complete concern across the globe today. The global warming has accelerated the raise of temperature on the earth which is said to have risen by 40⁰C. The sea level is rising. The glaciers are also melting away. There has been very less rainfall in the recent years resulting in the scarcity of food around the world. The death rate due to starvation has increased immensely.

We, the human beings are solely responsible for this calamity. We pollute our planet in many ways. Deforestation, industrial pollution, toxic wastes, vehicular pollution and lack of greenery are the chief causes of imbalance in the ecosystem. The urgent need of the hour is that each one of us takes step to save the planet in every possible way. We should protect our forests, save fuel, plant trees, take care of toxic pollutants, conserve water and change our life style. “Save the earth and save lives.”

Awareness programmes must be launched by the students and others to make people aware of environmental problems in organizations. The public should avoid the use of polythene bags. All of us must strive hard to save our beautiful planet for the future generations.

Q2. Write an article on terrorism.

Terrorism

Terrorism means the use of force to achieve one’s objectives. The anti-social elements as well as the aggrieved groups resort to violence to achieve their aims. Terrorism is based on the violent ideology of frustrated terrorist and militants. They have no faith in democratic or peaceful methods to achieve their objective.

The terroristresort to various violent methods to harass the society and the government.Such as extremism, assassination, killing of innocent people, hijacking of buses and aeroplane, damage to public property, looting of the banks and businessmen and burning of railway stations. The worst followers of this cult are the frustrated youth and the desperate and unemployed people.

Terrorism has become a worldwide problem. India is also a victim of the global terrorism. The terrorists in Kashmir, Assam and Tripura get foreign support. The terrorist run away to these countries after committing crimes in India.

Q1.Write an article for the school magazine on Brain-Drain.

Rough work.

ü Introduction

Who are affected by this (highly skilled, qualified and talented people)

ü Why

Higher education

Lured by good life style

The western culture

High paid jobs

ü Other country benefit

ü Our government at loss

ü Government spend money on education

ü It also looses skilled persons

ü Conclusion

Check brain drain

Better education institutes

Highly paid jobs

Follow anti brain drain policy

Work at least 5 years in your country

Patriotic feeling

Love for Indian culture

Brain-Drain

By S.K.Mohapatra

Brain-Drain is the phenomena in which the skilled people go abroad for higher education especially the highly skilled , qualified and talented people of our country go abroad and after going for higher education they are lured by seeing the good life styles ,western culture and highly paid jobs and decide to settle there , they don’t want to come back.

By this other countries are benefited and our country is at a loss. Our government spend money on their education therefore our government is not only in loss of money but also in loss of skilled people. And the other countries are benefited without any hard work especially the engineers, doctors highly qualified nurses and technicians generally settle there to have a better life.

Therefore government should check the brain drain by making some strict laws providing better educational institutions; government should also provide high salary jobs according to their calibre. Government should follow anti- brain drain policy and should also make the law that every skilled person has to work for at least 5 years in the country. They should have the feeling of patriotism and should give respect to the Indian culture. They should never forget “East or West, India is the Best”. This feeling can make them come back to serve their country and it will help in the development of their motherland.

Letter to the Editor

Format of Formal Letter

ü Sender’s name and address.

ü Receiver’s address

ü Date

ü Subject

ü Salutations

ü Body of the letter

ü Complimentary close

ü Signature (name in capital)

Para 1 –Introduction-

Write a few lines about the topic

Para 2 - Problem and results (in results 4 lines should be

Written)

Para 3 – conclusion, solution (how to prevent the problems)

Your opinion and suggestion.

Para 4 – how the government can help and how the citizen

(You) can help.

Q1. You, Amritha, happened to take part in a medical camp organised by your club in a remote village in Bihar. You are surprised to find that most of the people there have no awareness of basic health or hygiene. As a concerned citizen you decide to take up their cause and organise camps where the villagers can be told about the importance of hygiene. Taking ideas from the notes given below and the unit of ‘Health and Hygiene’ along with your own ideas, write a letter to the editor of a newspaper about the problem encouraging them to join you in the camping. Do not exceed 150 words.

· No schools.

· No idea of better life.

· Authorities also not interested.

· Make them understand the advantages of literary programme.

From

Amritha

11, Patna city, Bihar

The Editor

The Hindustan Times

Bihar

Date: 14^th March 2008

Subject: Regarding unawareness of villagers about basic health or hygiene.

Sir

I, Amritha, happened to take part in a medical camp organised by health club of our school in a remote village in Bihar. I was surprised to find that most of the people there have no awareness of basic health and hygiene; they don’t know the necessity of sanitation and clean surroundings to guarantee good health, pure mind and pure ideas. They live in unclean surroundings, which become a fertile ground for impure ideas and many diseases. They live by the side of the garbage mounds. Which present an ugly and hate scene and invite many infectious diseases like Cholera, Jaundice, Malaria etc .Mosquitoes and Flies sit on dirt, pick up germs and carry these on the food items, people eat these and fall ill. The ponds and ditches of stagnant water are the breeding places of mosquitoes. One has to keep one’s handkerchief on one nose while passing through the village.

Through the esteemed column of your daily news paper, being a concerned citizen I would like to appeal to the concerning authorities to take up this cause and organise camps where the villagers can be told about the importance of hygiene in our life. Regular discussion and demonstrations should be held in order to make them aware of cleanliness. As ‘Cleanliness in next to Godliness’, they should be motivated to make their surroundings clean. A small dispensary should be set up in that village. Even youngsters should be motivated to volunteer themselves for such noble social work. A little effort will save them from contracting serious diseases.

Thanking you for giving us a space in your newspaper to my letter.

Yours faithfully

Amritha.

Report Writing

Points to remember.

ü To describe an event that has already taken place.

ü Give a title and name of reporter.

ü Date and place of event.

ü What, when, where and why of event.

ü How the event took place.

ü Use past and past perfect tense passive form.

Q1. Write a report in 125 words for the cluster level social science exhibition in your school.

SOCIAL SCIENCE EXHIBITION

A report by: P. Ramalaxmi

Date: 30 October, Visakhapatnam.

A Cluster level social science exhibition was conducted on 23^rd and 24^th of this month in our school campus. Six schools of neighbouring places came to our vidyalaya to participate. All arrangement were made for their food and lodging in the school itself.

Various competitions were conducted – group dance, group song, English and Hindi elocution, quiz competition, skit, etc. The programme was inaugurated by the principal Mr. A.S.L Murthy, principal Zinc Malta. Everybody showed a lot of enthusiasms in the participation of various competitions.

The first programme was group dance, everybody enjoyed it. The quiz had started in the morning and the final round was conducted at 4 P.M in our conference hall. The Hindi skit was conducted in the evening hours with lot of lightings and costumes. All the schools displayed their talents during the two days exhibitions. The exhibits were displayed in various classrooms. It was appreciated by each and every person. The best exhibit was being selected for regional level. The chief guest was the principal of NCS. He gave away the prices to the winners of the various events of cluster level Social Science Exhibition. The programme was a grand success.

Story Writing - 10M

Points to remember

ü Setting – the time and location

ü Plot – sequence of events in a story

ü Characters – at least two characters that are consistent, motivated and life-like.

ü Theme – the central idea or the thought of author.

Moral Story

Q1. Complete the following story. Some lines are given to help you start.

MY CLASSMATE

Mohit was a very poor boy and his dress was always quite dirty. He came to school in a miserable condition. Harish, who was the son of a rich man made fun of him but Mohit never responded to the humiliation. One day, Harish was going to market in his father’s car, he saw Mohit working in a Dhaba. His clothes were very dirty. He was running from one table to another to please the customers by his quick service. The master of the dhaba was a stout man with big moustaches. When Mohit was carrying a glass of water for a customer, the dhaba owner shouted loudly, the poor boy got scared and the glass fell down from his little hand. The master took up a hot stick and hit on his trembling hand. The poor boy could not shout for help. Tears welled up in his eyes. Harish could not control his emotion and rushed to help him. He was shocked to know that he had been living in that dhaba after the death of his parents in an accident. Harish felt so ashamed of himself for treating such a poor and helpless boy in such a way. He requested his father to take Mohit home with him. His father allowed him to do so happily. Mohit had tears in his eyes when Harish asked him to live with him.

Moral- A friend in need is a friend indeed.

Imaginary story

Q2. Write a story in about 150 words that begins with... I did not tell my dad that i saw a green monster in the bottom of the garden...........

GREEN MONSTER

I didn’t tell my dad about a monster. I found at the bottom of my garden because the monster had became a friend of mine. When the green monster came from other planet, the monster was green. So I kept the name Green Monster. Gradually the monster stayed at the bottom of my garden and we became friends. The monster helped me in many ways. When I was not unable to do my homework. It has many powers, so he helped me in many ways. When the spaceship came to take him I felt very sad and he also felt very sad to leave me. We had both became so good friends. I cried while he left me. I told my friends about the monster but they did not believe me. They said that it was a dream.He had became a very good friend and I can’t forget him.

Mystery Story

VOCABULARY RELATED TO MYSTERY

• Secret Curiosity

• Amazement Enigmatic

• Puzzling Suspense

• Dark night

• Clue Evidence

• Detective Mystify

• Suspect Motive

• Excited Bafflement

Q3.Read the following story prompts and build a story , using your own imagination and ideas in about 150 words.

a stranger's face.......feeling of fear, insecurity………scared to go out…….realized he was in an alien land amidst people who looked just like him……….strange ,unfamiliar planet…….found out a way of coming back to earth….relief.

A Mysterious Dream

I was baffled seeing the strange face in the mirror. A sense of fear creepeddown my spine. Uncertain what to do I was scared to go out and so remained indoors throughout the day. Finally I took courage and ventured out of the house . I was bewildered to find myself in an alien land amidst people who looked just like me. I realized I had landed in a strange and unfamiliar planet. I walked on finding for some clues which would help me. At the corner of the street I saw a big building , as I approached it and entered inside. I was surprised to see a spaceship in the backyard. I secretly entered the ship and hid inside . Soon many aliens came towards the ship and set off in it . I was curious at where they were going, but to my relief they landed on the earth. Quickly I got down without they noticing me and I finally escaped from the aliens. Suddenly I could hear my mother calling me to get up as it was time to school. When I woke up I realized it was a dream. oh! What a relief.

Exercise.

1. Complete the following story. Some lines are given to help you to start.

One day a dog found a piece of meat. He reached the bank of the river.....................................................................

2. Complete the following story. Some lines are given to help you to start.

Last week I went to market on bicycle to buy some books. I placed my bicycle outside the shop.......................................

3. Complete the following story. Some lines are given to help you to start.

After completing my education, I got admission in a collage in the city. I was extremely excited but also sad about my new life. While I was travelling in the train, I met a boy who changed my life. He was ............................................

4. Complete the following story. Some lines are given to help you to start.

Ranjeev was very excited when he was permitted to go on a trip organised by the Eco club of his school. He had never been to a jungle. He reached there at night and was frightened to see darkness all around. Suddenly he heard .. ...............................................................................................

Practice Questions for writing skills.

Unit I ( Health And Medicine )

1.Eating of fast food, lack of exercise and activity and overuse of mobile and internet have been causing lifestyle diseases, diabetes etc among children. Write a letter to the editor of a newspaper on the rising tendency of life style disease among school children, giving your suggestions to prevent them. You are Sanchit/Sapna.

2. Anand witnessed an accident near the school gate where a child fell down and was hurt very badly. Many people were standing around but did not know what to do. Finally the child was carried to the hospital by a taxi driver. Anand felt the necessity to enable the students to render the first aid to the victim. He decides to write a letter to the editor of a local daily about the importance of knowing first aid. Write the letter on his behalf using your own ideas and the ideas from the unit “Health And Medicine”.

3. A newspaper reader in Srinagar wants to write a letter to the editor of a local newspaper about the increasing awareness of health and diet. The table given below shows some changes from 1999 to 2009. Using the information together with your own ideas from the unit of “Health And Medicine”, write a letter in not more than 150 words

HEALTH IN SRINAGAR	1999	2009
Number of yoga & health clubs	5	10
People using refined oil	20%	60%
People going for morning walk	5%	25%
People going for regular health checkup	8%	23%
Awareness programmes	10%	40%
Role of advertisements	7%	33%
Death rate	15%	11%

4.yoga is an excellent way to keep one’s body and mind fit. You recently attended a workshop on “yoga is a divine discipline”. You have decided to incorporate yoga into your daily routine. Using your ideas and ideas from the unit of “Health And Medicine”, write an article on the decision you have taken.

Unit II ( Education )

1.Absenteeism is a major threat to quality education. If a student is not regular to his school, his all-round development is not possible. Draft an article on the topic “ Absenteeism is a major cause of falling standards in education”

2. It is found that most of the students are pleased with grading system introduced by CBSC for IX and X classes. But some are not in favour of it. They think that this system will not encourage them to work hard to get good marks as there is no competition left behind. Moreover, teachers may favour particular student. Write an article on the topic “Grading System is a Good System of Evaluation”.

3. In most Indian families, particularly in rural areas, there is great discrimination against the girl child. They are not sent to school for various regions. Write a letter to the editor of a newspaper suggesting the facilities and awareness required for promoting the education of the girl child. You are Amit/Amita.

4. Write an article on Education for all “ taking ideas from the unit Education and your own ideas.

Unit III ( Science )

1. You are Deepika/Deepak of ABC Public School, Tamil Nadu. You have recently come across the following news report which talked about the increasing use of technology at the science seminar. Write a speech in 150 words.

LASER TECHNOLOGY TODAY

Laser technology today is becoming increasingly popular in various fields .LASER has become part and parcel of the medical advancement .Industrially , they are used for cutting gems and stones. It has been recently found that ancient art work can be preserved with lasers.

_______________________________________________________________

2. Amit Gupta has been coming across certain headlines in the newspaper on the shortage of electricity. He has to write his competitive examination. He himself is a victim of the erratic supply of electricity in the scorching heat. Write a letter to the editor of the newspaper as Amit, expressing your views on the deteriorating conditions of electricity in your locality and mention the inconveniences faced by the residents of the locality.

3. Write an article on the topic, “Science and Technology” in about 150-200 words.

4. Write an article for the school magazine on “Modern gadgets have made us slaves to machines.”

Other Important/general topics

1. Child labour – a social evil.

2. Conserve the natural resources.

3. Use of cell phone – A boon or bane.

4. Education for all.

5. Sedentary life style.

6. Sports and games as an integral part of school curriculum.

GRAMMAR

Revision of tenses

1. Past tense

1.1. Simple past

1.2. Past continuous

1.3. Past perfect

1.4. Past perfect continuous

2. Present tense

2.1. Simple present

2.2. present continuous

2.3. present perfect

2.4. present perfect continuous

3. future tense

3.1. Simple future

3.2. future continuous

3.3. future perfect

3.4. future perfect continuous

1.PRESENT TENSE

1.1. Simple Present

· Hari drives his car to office.

· Shankar comes to school by bus.

1.2. Present Continuous

· Hari is driving his car to office.

· Shankar is coming to school by bus.

1.3. Present Perfect

· Hari has driven his car to office today.

· Shankar has come to school by bus.

1.4. Present Perfect Continuous

· Hari has been driving his car to office.

· Shankar has been coming to school by bus.

2. PAST TENSE

2.1. Simple Past

· Hari drove his car to office

· Shankar came to school by bus.

2.2. Past Continuous

· Hari was driving his car to office

· Shankar was coming to school by bus.

2.3. Past Perfect

· Hari had driven his car to office yesterday.

· Shankar had come to school by bus

2.4. Past Perfect Continuous

· Hari had been driving his car to office

· Shankar had been coming to school by bus.

3. FUTURE TENSE

3.1. Simple Future

· Hari will drive his car to office

· Shankar will come to school by bus

3.2. Future continuous

· Hari will be driving his car to office

· Shankar will be coming to school by bus

3.3. Future perfect

· Hari will have driven his car to the office

· Shankar will have come to school by bus.

3.4. Future perfect continuous

· Hari will have been driving his car to office

· Shankar will have been coming to school by bus.

REPORTED SPEECH

1. Direct speech

2. Indirect speech

Eg; 1. Mohan said, “Rohan works hard for the exams.”

Ans) Mohan said that Rohan worked hard for the exams.

Rules to change direct into indirect.

1. Simple Present - simple Past

· Anand said, “ Hari writes a letter.”

Anand said that Hari wrote a letter.

· Anand says, “Hari writes a letter.”

Anand says that Hari writes a letter.

· Anand will say, “Hari writes a letter.”

Anand will say that Hari writes a letter.

2. Present continuous - past continuous

· Anand said, “Hari is writing a letter.”

Anand said that Hari was writing a letter.

3. Present perfect – past perfect

· Anand said ,“Hari has written a letter.”

Anand said that Hari had written a letter.

4. Present perfect continuous – past perfect continuous

· Anand said, “ Hari has been writing a letter.”

Anand said that Hari had been writing a letter.

5. Simple past – past perfect.

· Anand said, “Hari wrote a letter.”

Anand said that Hari had written a letter.

6. Past continuous – past perfect continuous.

· Anand said, “Hari was writing a letter.”

Anand said that Hari had been writing a letter.

OTHER CHANGES

I. This – that

II. These – those

III. They – them

IV. Now – then

V. Here – there

VI. Will – would

VII. Shall – should

VIII. Can – could

IX. Today – that day

X. Tomorrow – the next day

XI. Yesterday – the previous day

XII. Last night – the previous night

XIII. Ago – before

XIV. Let – should

XV. May – might

XVI. Tonight – that night.

INTERROGATIVE SENTENCES (QUESTIONS)

I. WH type questions.

· What

· When

· Where

· Which

· Whose

· Who

· How

II. Yes or No type of questions.

Eg: Change into reported speech.

WH type questions.

§ Sunil said, “what is your name?”

Sunil asked what my name was.

§ The teacher said, “What are you doing?”

The teacher asked what i was doing.

§ The man said, “where is the TajMahal?”

The man asked where the TajMahal was.

§ The teacher said to the boys, “Why are you making a noise?”

The teacher asked the boys why they were making a noise.

§ He said to me, “what is the name of your father?”

He asked me what the name of my father was.

Yes or No type questions.

§ The teacher said, “Have you done your homework?”

The teacher asked if I had done my homework.

§ “Are you going for the picnic?” the Principal said.

The principal asked if we were going for the picnic.

§ She said to him, “Do you like this book?”

She asked him if he liked that book.

§ “Do you really know magic?” said the queen.

The queen asked if I really knew magic.

§ My friend said, “Is this your pen?”

My friend asked if that was my pen.

Rules for do and did

Do + know know knew

(simple present) (simple past)

Do + go go went

Do + eat eat ate

Do + sing sing sang

Did + watch watched had watched

(simple past) (past perfect)

Did + help helped had helped

Did + do did had done

Did + sing sang had sung

Did + get got had got

Q1. He said, “ Do you know the way to the market?”

He asked if I knew the way to the market.

Q2. He said, “Did you give the money for the study material?”

He asked if I had given the money for the study material.

EXERCISE

01. The servant said, “Tea is ready.”

02. The servant says, “Tea is ready.”

03. The servant said to me, “Tea is ready.”

04. He said to me, “I finished the work long ago.”

05. She said to me, “You have made a mistake.”

06. Ganga said to her mother, “I am not coming to the market as I have to study for my exam.”

07. Seema said, “Doctor I have been having fever for almost ten days.”

08. The doctor said, “Did you get the blood test done?”

09. He said to me, “Are you not afraid?”

10. They said to her, “why have you come to our house?”

Examination Questions.

a) Read the conversation given below and report the event in a suitable way.

Child : I want a balloon which I can release into the air.

Balloon man : Which colour balloon do you want?

Child : Which colour balloon will take me up with it?

Balloon man : It is not the colour of the balloon, it is what is inside that makes it go up.

The child told the balloon man (a) ____________. The balloon man (b) _____________. The child then (c) ____________. The balloon man replied (d) ________.

Answers.

(a) that he wanted a balloon that he could release into the air.

(b) asked him which colour balloon he wanted.

(d) that it was not the colour of the balloon, it was what was inside that made it go up.

Exercise

1. Read the conversation given below and report the event in a suitable way.

Sirisha : our new servant has a tendency to steal things.

Payal : Is anything missing?

Sirisha : yes, she has stolen one of our candlesticks.

Payal : which one?

Sirisha : the one we have taken from hotel Taj

Sirisha told Payal that (a) ___________. Payal asked her (b) ______________. She told (c) _____________. Payal asked her which one it was .she replied (d) __________.

2. Read the conversation given and report the event in a suitable way.

Patient : Can I have an appointment with the doctor this evening. I am sick.

Receptionist : I am sorry. There is a long waiting list. You will have to wait for at least two weeks.

Patient : but by then I can die.

Receptionist : No problem. If your wife informs me, I can cancel the appointment.

A patient went to his doctor’s clinic and asked the receptionist (a) _____________ with the doctor that evening. He said to the receptionist that he was very sick. The receptionist apologised saying that there (b) _________________ .she further added that (c) ________________ for at least two weeks. When the patient said that he could be dead by then, the receptionist calmly replied that there was no problem, if his wife (d) ____________________ the appointment.

Active And Passive voice

I. Change the following into passive voice.

1. Children liked Ice-cream.

Ice-cream was liked by children.

2. She sang a song in the annual function.

A song was sung by her in the annual function.

3. He wrote a ghost story.

A ghost story was written by him.

4. He ran a race during the marathon.

A race was run by him during the marathon.

5. He presented an article for the class seminar.

An article was presented by him for the class seminar.

6. He attended the function with his friends.

The function was attended by him with his friends.

7. Father reads the newspaper every morning.

Newspaper was read by father every morning.

8. The teacher taught a new lesson.

A new lesson was taught by the teacher.

9. Sita sang a song

A song was sung by sita.

10. He wrote a letter to his father

A letter was written by him to his father.

.EXERCISE

Change the following into passive voice.

01. My grandfather established this steel factory in 1940.

02. Mother cut the vegatables.

03. Father drinks coffee after breakfast

04. Father drank coffee after breakfast.

05. The famous writer Ruskin Bond wrote the book.

06. I read the newspaper daily.

07. The government banned smoking in public places.

08. Major Alluwali climbed the mount Everest in 1980.

09. Children love Ice-cream.

10. The Rat chased the Cat.

11. Children respect parents.

12. He takes tea in the evening.

13. The post man delivers the letter.

14. The gardener waters the plants.

15. The doctor examines the patients .

16. Mother cooked the food for every one.

17. I invited him to dinner.

18. They played hockey.

19. We watched the T.V in our lesure time.

20. He gave me a pen as a gift.

INTEGRATED GRAMMAR PRACTICE

1.. The following passage has not been edited. There is one error in each line. Write the incorrect word and the correction in your answer sheet.

Incorrect Correct

When we request other to do something for us a)______ ______

or offers to do something ourselves, the use of b)______ ______

the right words and the right tone is very c)______ ______

important. If we have too abrupt or too aggressive, d)______ ______

there is every possibilities that the request will e)______ ______

be turn down or the offer refused. The more f)______ ______

formal the situation and the great the favour g)______ ______

requested, the most indirect the subject of the request. h)______ ______

2. The following passage has not been edited. There is one error in each line. Write the incorrect word and the correction in your answer sheet.

Incorrect correct

Oil is the most important item in our life. Eg. Item items

We need it to traveling in cars, buses, trains, aeroplane a)_______ _____

and ships. We need it to production electricity for our b)_______ _____

lights and to run their factories. We need it to cook c)_______ _____

food. But inspite of the important of oil, people d)_______ _____

wasted it carelessly. And unfortunately there is only a e)_______ __-_

limited number of oil in the world. f)_______ ______

3. Incorrect correct

A dictionary is a invaluable aid to learning, Eg. a an

and to get the best out of it, we can know a)_______ _____

how to use it. A good dictionary give us not only b)_______ _____

the definitions of words of a language c)_______ _____

but much more. They tells us about spelling and d)_______ _____

pronounce, usage and style, grammar and e)_______ ______

idiom. It contain words, derivations and f)_______ ______

idiomatic expressions and explain their g)_______ ______

meaning in examples and even instructions. h)_______ ______

4. Incorrect correct

Entire Delhi kept awoke to witness the historic Eg. Awoke awake

event to ushering in the freedom of India at the a)_______ _____

hour for midnight. Unprecedented scenes of b)_______ _____

enthusiasm was witnessed both inside and outside c)_______ _____

the Constituent Assembly Chamber. Arising to the d)_______ _____

height of the occasion, Pandit Nehru make a speech e)_______ _____

in the assembly which were at once notable and f)_______ _____

masterpiece of literature. “Years ago we made a tryst g)_______ _____

with destiny”, “now the time comes where we shall h)_______ _____

redeem our pledge, not only wholly and in full measure,i)________ _____

but substantially. In the stroke of the midnight hour, j)________ _____

when the world sleeps, India will awake to life and free”k)_______ _____

5. Incorrect correct

My grandmother, alike everybody’s grandmother, Eg.alike like

wasa old woman. She had been old and wrinkled a)_______ _____

for the twenty years that I has known her. People b)_______ _____

said she was once been young and pretty. c)_______ _____

My grandfather’s portrait hang above the d)_______ _____

mantelpiece in the drawing room.He wear e)_______ _____

a big turban and loose fitted clothes. f)_______ _____

He looked as if he can only have lots of grandchildren. g)_____ -------

My grandmother often said us of the games h)_______ _____

She will play as a child. i)___ ____

OMISSION

1. In the passage given below, one word has been omitted in each line. Write the missing word along with the word that comes before and the word that comes after.

Before Word After

(a) The marine life in the Yamuna facing ______ ______ ______

(b) the brunt the massive pollution that ----------- ---------- ----------

(d) According the development department _______ _______ _______

(e) fish breeding completely stopped _______ _______ _______

(f) in the river. This has forced authorities _______ _______ _______

(g) to buy fish seed West Bengal . Already ________ _______ _______

(h) the department bought 29 lakh seed. ________ _______ _______

2.To carry a conversation, even if we are ________ ________ _______

Only listening, requires that make responses ________ __________ ________

to show that we paying attention.To do this _______ __________ _________

We must know to show understanding _________ __________ __________

Surprise attention.sometimes we may not _______ _________ __________

understand others are saying , and so ________ __________ ________

we must know how ask them to repeat themselves.______ ________ _________

3. (a) A pressure cooker is a vessel in food ______ ______ ______

(b) is cooked steam pressure. It consists ----------- ---------- ----------

(d) alloy with a lid that fits tightly the top. _______ _______ _______

(e) The lid can sealed on to the vessel by _______ _______ _______

(f) means of a rubber ring. At the center the lid _______ _______ _______

(g) there is a vent or hole which steam can escape. ________ _______ _______

4. (a) Mr.Chatterjee lived a two-storeyed house ______ ______ ______

(b) in east end of Kolkotta . I had to wait nearly ----------- ---------- ----------

(d) vehicles to pass before i cross and _______ _______ _______

(e) walk to his house. As I walked in, was _______ _______ _______

(f) reading the newspaper. He dropped paper _______ _______ _______

(g) and glanced at me .He asked me I had ________ _______ _______

(h) come to disturb him again my miseries. ________ _______ _______

5. (a) Summarising is nothing giving an ______ ______ ______

(b) abstract carefully selected points of ----------- ---------- ----------

(d) of significant details clearly accurately _______ _______ _______

(e) is a skill and it be developed through _______ _______ _______

(f) practice. In our daily life all of perform _______ _______ _______

(g) the task of making a summary ________ _______ _______

(h) speech or writing a number of occasions. ________ _______ _______

.FILL IN THE BLANKS – SOLVED

1. Read the instructions and complete the passage given below.

· Boil 500ml of water in a container.

· Add noodles and taste maker.

· Add finely chopped vegetables after steaming them separately.

· Cook only for two minutes.

· Serve hot.

Firstly 500 ml of water(a)________ in a container. After that noodles and taste makers (b)______ . Then finely chopped vegetables (c)________ after steaming them separately . The mixed stuff (d)_____ for only two minutes. It is then served hot.

Answers

(a) Is boiled (b) are added (c) are added (d) is cooked

2. Instructions to learn scooter riding.

· Start the scooter in neutral gear.

· Press the clutch lever.

· Change the gear.

· Now gradually increase the gear.

· Release the clutch lever.

First of all the scooter (a)_______ in the neutral gear, Then the clutch lever (b)_______ and the gear is changed. Then gradually the gear (c)_____ and the clutch lever (d)_______.The scooter starts moving.

3. Instructions for a recipe.

· Take six bananas.

· Crush them into a plup.

· Boil half a liter of milk.

· Add banana pulp and sugar.

· Stir for two minutes.

· Remove the mixture from heat.

· Cool it before eating.

Six bananas (a)_____ and crushed into a pulp. Half a liter of milk was boiled and banana pulp and sugar(b)________to it. The mixture (c)____ for two minutes and (d)______ from the heat. It was cooled down before eating.

REORDERING OF JUMBLED WORDS

SOLVED EXERCISE

a. are/treasures/the/of/Vedas/great/knowledge

b. scientific/in/approach/them/the/presented/regarding/is/

phenomenon/amazing/natural/the

c. unfortunate/is/golden/it/forgotten/that/we/principles/by/

set/them/have/the

d. proceeding/we/towards/are/self-destruction.

ANSWERS

a. Vedas are the great treasures of knowledge.

b. The scientific approach presented in them regarding the natural

phenomenon is amazing.

c. It is unfortunate that we have forgotten the golden principles set

by them.

d. We are proceeding towards self-destruction.

1. EXERCISES FOR PRACTICE FOR JUMBLED WORDS

a. facing/the/Delhi/acute/of/water/these/shortage/days/is

b. problem/another/is/that/of/drainage/faulty/system.

c. Ground/have/they/for/become/mosquitoes/the/breeding

d. authorities/worried/the/are/about/zoo/problems/these/very

2. a. Didn’t/man/early/what/fire/know/was

b. that/know/fire/now we/the/is the result//chemical reaction/of a

c. needed/things/are/three/make/to/oxygen/fire-fuel/heat/and

d. temperature/a/ It begins/to burn/at/particular

3. a. European countries/90 percent/of figs/ export/ in the dried form

b. fresh/in/supermarket/UK/figs/varieties/both/black/are available/green/and

c. six times/provides/dried/fresh figs/than/calories/figs/more

d. cause/frequently/dried figs/eaten/tooth decay/if/too/can

4. a. Horse/make up/rhinoceroses/and/ with odd toed hoofs /of mammals/a group

b. feed/grass/on/mainly/animals/in/herds/in the/live/horse/family/

and

c. with /single hoof/a/end/on the/feet/their/have/only/one toe

d. enables/run/to/them/this/fast

5. a. natural resources/important/are/India’s most/land and water

b. India’s most/the Gangetic Plain/ is/fertile regions/one of.

c. t were formed by/of the Ganges/ and its/this region/

tributaries/the alluvial deposits

d. possible/groundwater is/and/it/year-round irrigation/in this area/

plentiful/makes/to have

LITERATURE READER

List of literary devices.

1. Personification – Investing abstractions or inanimate objects with human qualities or abilities.

Eg.Iam silver and exact.

W whatever I see I swallow immediately.

I a I’m not cruel,only truthful.

4. Alliterations – Repetition of initial consonant sounds.

Eg .When wasteful war.

5. Metaphor—a comparison

Now I am a lake.

The eye of a little God.

6. Simile—Like a terrible fish.

7. Onomatapoeia – using words that imitate the sound they denote.

Eg. Cracked and growled.

Lesson 1 Two Gentlemen Of Verona

Summary

“Two Gentlemen of Verona” is all about two teenage brothers who proved that they are more than their age in gentlemanliness and humanism. The narrator says that as they drove through the foot hills of the Alps two boys stopped them on the outskirts of Verona. They were selling wild strawberries. Nicola and Jacopo, 13 and 12 respectively, were brothers they wore shabby clothes. Their appearance strangely attracted the narrator as they approached the car. One night the narrator and his driver met them in a windy and deserted square. It was midnight and Jacopo was asleep resting upon Nicola’s shoulder. The narrator asked them if they needed to work so hard but they declined. The narrator asked what they did with their money. He suggested that they must be saving up to emigrate to America. Nicola replied they would love to go but had other plans. The narrator told them that he was going on next Monday and asked if he could do something for them. Jacopo replied that every Sunday they went to Poleta, 30km from there. He asked if they could go in his car. The narrator drove them in his car. They reached Poleta in the afternoon. It was a villa where they stopped which amazed the narrator. The boys said the narrator to go to café in the village for a drink. But the narrator went inside the villa. It was a hospital. The narrator was amazed to see the boys seated at the bedside of a young girl. The nurse told the narrator that the girl was Lucia, sister of the two boys. The nurse told the narrator that their father was a well-known singer. He had been killed in civil war. They suffered from starvation and cold winter due to war. They found their sister suffering from TB. The nurse further told that both the boys worked hard and earned money. They made regular payments to the hospital. Since work was hard in Verona they had to go to other places for work. Their devotion touched the narrator. Their selfless action brought a new nobility to human life. It gave a greater hope for human society.

Textual Exercises

Q1. What do you understand by the following statement.

a) “We do many things sir” Nicola answered seriously. He glanced at us hopefully.

b) He colored deeply under his sunburn, then grew pale.

c) He smiled uncomfortably. “Just plans, sir,” he answered in a low voice.

d) Yet in both these boyish faces there was a seriousness which was far beyond their years.

Answers

a) By this statement I understand that Nicola does not have any hesitation in doing anything which may serve his purpose. Beside this, he means that he is ready to do as many things as are humanly possible.

b) It may be he could not gather enough courage to tell the truth or he may have wanted not to tell anything about his family to a stranger.

c) From this statement it is clear that Nicola acts really like a mature person. He does not want that strangers should know their secret plans of life.

d) This statement clearly reveals that both Jacopo and Nicola had grown very mature and considerate in earning money. It was for getting her sister cured of her disease.

Q2. Answer the question briefly.

a) Why did not Luigi, the driver, approve of the two boys?

b) Why were the narrator and his companion impressed by the two boys?

c) Why was the author surprised to see Nicola and Jacopo working as shoeshine boys?

d) How were the boys useful to the author?

e) Why were the boys in the desert square at night? What character traits do they exhibit?

f) The narrator asked the boys, “Must you work so hard? You both look rather tired”. The boys reply, “ we are not complaining, sir”. What do you learn about the boys from their reply?

g) When the narrator asked the boys about their plans, they are evasive. Why do not they disclose their problems?

Answer

a) Firstly they were selling wild strawberries. secondly, they looked very shabby in appearance wearing worn out clothes.

b) Because of their mutual love and capacity to work hard. They cared much more for their sister than their own selves.

c) Because the previous day he had seen then selling wild strawberries. This change naturally created a doubt about then in the author’s mind.

d) Because they brought the things that he wanted. They helped in getting American cigarettes, seats for the opera or knowing the name of a good restaurant.

e) They were in the deserted square at night as they could sleep there. No policeman could scare them off from there. The author met them at night over there. They were also waiting for the last bus so that they could sell the newspapers.

f) I learn that both the boys have seen much harder days. So they are not afraid of anything, even the worst. Secondly, they understand it well that hard work shall end their miseries.

g) Because they find the author as a stranger. Since they have seen much dark days, they have lost faith in the people.

Writing Task

Q1. After her brothers’ visit, Lucia writes a page in her diary about her past life and her present situation. As Lucia write the diary entry in about 150 words.

DIARY ENTRY

12^th August 2016 Monday 10 PM

How glad I was to see my loving brothers Nicola and Jacopo! This time they came with a stranger who brought them in his car. I can not repay my brothers for all the things they were doing for me. In fact, they have sacrificed their childhood for me. How they spend their time, going hungry and without sleep just for my sake ! But I hope such a time shall vanish soon. I have been progressing well due to their care and hope to start singing for a career. Due to their affection, care and Love I shall soon be alright. Then we shall live together and earn a lot.

I have not forgotten our comfortable and cultured life. Our father was a well-known singer and we had been leading a pretty comfortable life. I had been training as a singer. But due to war and a bomb explosion everything finished. But all this did not break the spirit of my brothers. I don’t know what and how they earn for meeting my expenses. But one thing is there, they won’t do any dubious kind of activity to earn money. We may suffer much but we won’t compromise with our family values. Nor will Nicola and Jacopo. Our bad days shall soon be over. I pray to god to make me disease-free soon so that I may take good care of my responsibilities towards my angelic brothers.

Lucia

LESSON 2 Mrs.Packletide’s Tiger

Summary

Mrs Packletide was an English lady who was overcome with a strong desire to shoot a tiger. Basically she was not adventurous or brave but she was smitten with jealousy when her friend, Loona Bimberton, had recently been carried in an aeroplane by an Algerian pilot. Mrs Packletide wanted to outshine her and longed to prove that she was no less. Her ultimate desire was to obtain a tiger-skin and display it on the wall of her house. If she succeeded in killing a tiger, her photograph would appear in the press and she would host a party in Curzon Street in Loona Bimberton’s honour, but the talk would be of her hunting expedition. She also planned to present a tiger claw brooch on Loona’s next birthday. All her motives were largely dominated by her dislike of Loona.

Circumstances proved to be favourable. An old and weak tiger was visiting a neighbouring village in search of food. Mrs Packletide offered to pay one thousand rupees to anyone who would help her in shooting a tiger. The villagers got very tempted as one thousand was a lot of money in those days. They made all the efforts to confine the tiger within the village. Children were posted day and night on the outskirts of the local jungle to drive the tiger back to the village. Cheaper kind of goats were scattered here and there, to keep the tiger there. Mothers were told not to sing lullaby to their children loudly, lest the tiger’s sleep should be disturbed. The only anxiety was lest the tiger should die of old age before the day of hunting.

On the fateful night, Mrs packletide came along with a paid companion Miss Mebbin. A platform had already been constructed in a comfortable and conveniently placed tree by the villagers. Both the ladies sat on the platform. A goat with a loud bleat was tied at proper distance from the tiger. Meanwhile the tiger appeared on the scene and slowly walked towards the goat. Mrs Packletide fired a shot with her rifle. The tiger fell down to one side. The excited villagers celebrated by beatings drums and singing. Mrs Packletide was also too happy.

Miss Mebbin was very clever and alert. She drew Mrs Packletide’s attention to the fact that bullet had actually hit the goat and the tiger had died due to heart attack, caused by the loud report of the rifle. Miss Mebbin pointed out that the tiger bore no wound. Mrs Packletide was disappointed but she consoled herself with the thought that she possessed the tiger-skin. The villagers agreed to keep the secret for they were happy to receive the money. Mrs Packletide wasn’t in secure about Miss Mebbin for she was a paid companion.

Loona refused to attend the luncheon-party but coldly accepted the tiger-claw brooch. Miss Mebbin was very money-minded and cunning. She thought of exploiting this weak point of Mrs Packletide. She blackmailed Mrs Packletide by saying what would happen if Loona learnt that Mrs Packletide had shot the goat and not the tiger. Shrewd and clever, Miss Mebbin hinted that she wanted money to buy a weekend cottage near Darking. To keep her mouth shut, Mrs Packletide was forced to pay for that cottage. Miss Mebbin named the cottage, “The Wild Beasts.” Since then Mrs Packletide never indulged in big game shooting. She confided to her friends that “the incidental expenses were too heavy for such kind of hunting”.

Short question answers

(a) Why did Mrs.Packletide wish to kill a tiger?

Ans. Mrs Packletide wished to kill a tiger so that she could counter Loona Bimberton’s claim who had been carried eleven miles in an Algerian aviator.

(b) What made her decide to give a party in Loona Bimberton's honour? What did she intend to give Loona on her birthday?
Ans.MrsPackletide decided that once she shot a tiger, she would invite Loona Bimberton for a luncheon party. At the party she would display the newly-acquired tiger skin. The party would be an appropriate time to show off the tiger skin and talk about her tiger-shooting experience to Loona Bimberton. She intended to give a tiger-claw brooch to Loona Bimberton on her birthday.

(c) How was the tiger shooting arranged? What kind of a tiger was chosen for the purpose?
Ans.The tiger shooting was arranged in the neigbouring village. The villagers had seen an old tiger who used to hunt domestic animals on the outskirts of the local jungle. A platform was built in a comfortable and convinient place tree for Mrs.Packletide and her paid companion Miss Louisa Mebbin. A noisy goat was tethered at the correct distance to attract the tiger.
The tiger chosen for this purpose was a weak, diseased tiger who could not hunt wild animals due to old age.

(d) In what way did the villagers help Mrs.Packletide shoot the tiger?
Ans. The villagers made many arrangements for the hunting game Children were posted night and day on the outskirts so that the tiger would not leave his domain. Goats were left in the forest in order to satisfy the animal. Women took care not to make noise while passing by, so that the tiger would not be disturbed. Last but not the least, the villagers offered support and assistance at night of hunt. A platform had been constructed on a comfortable and convenient place on a tree for Mrs.Packletide and her paid companion. They remained there throughout the night.

(e) Who was Miss Mebbin? Was she really devoted to Mrs.Packletide? How did she behave during the tiger shooting?

Ans. Miss Mebbin was a paid companion. Mrs.Packletide had acquired her so that she could witness the shooting of the tiger. She was very materialistic. She didn't want to do more than she was paid for. In fact she also instigated Mrs.Packletidenot to pay for the goat if the tiger did not eat it. She was not at all devoted to Mrs.Packletide. She was there only for the money.

(f) Mrs.Packletide was a good shot. Discuss.
Ans. Mrs.Packletide was daring and bold enough to go for hunting a tiger which was old and weak. She was not a good shot at all. Inspite of all the arrangements, she was not able to shoot the old tiger who was walking slowly. Instead, she shot the goat as she had missed her aim.

(g) What comment did Miss Mebbin make after Mrs Packletide had fired the shot? Why did Miss Mebbin make this comment? How did Mrs Packletide react to this comment?
Ans. Miss Mebbin commented that the bullet had shot the goat not the tiger. The tiger had succumbed to heart failure caused by the sound of firing accelerated by senile decay.
She made this comment to take advantage of the fact that the tiger was not killed by Mrs.Packletide. In fact, she wanted to exploit the situation. Mrs.Packletide was annoyed at the discovery.

(h) How did the villagers react to the tiger's death?
Ans. The villagers were anxious for their thousand rupees. They did not pay any heed to Miss Mebbin’s revelation that Mrs.Packletide had not killed a tiger but a goat. They readily believed that Mrs.Packletide had shot the beast lest they lose their money.

(i) Do you think Mrs.Packletide was able to achieve her heart's desire? Give reasons for your answer.
Ans. Yes, I think Mrs.Packletide was able to achieve her heart's desire of killing a tiger and to show off that she was the possessor of a dead tiger. She wanted her photographs to be published in the newspapers. Her desire was accomplished positively. She was able to outdo Loona Bimberton and she sent her a gift of a tiger-claw brooch.

(j) How did Miss Mebbin manage to get her week-end cottage? Why did she plant so many tiger lilies in her garden?
Ans. Louisa Mebbin blackmailed Mrs.Packletide into buying her the weekend cottage or else she would have told Loona Bimberton that it was not the tiger but a mere goat that Mrs.Packletide had shot. The tiger lilies would always remind of how she had procured the cottage.

(k) "The incidental expenses are so heavy," she confides to inquiring friends. Who is the speaker? What is she referring to here?
Ans.Mrs.Packletide is the speaker. The lines are said in response to questions regarding why she did not hunt anymore. Mrs.Packletide is referred to the expenses that she incurred when she hunted for the first time, she paid the villagers, she paid Louisa Mebbin and even had to buy her a cottage.

Writing task

Q1.)Years later Mrs.Packletide writes her autobiography. As Mrs.Packletide, write about the tiger episode with the help of the clues given below.

Jealous of the applause Loona was getting--thought of tiger hunt--Louisa Mebbin accompanied; turned out to be a blackmailer-- huge price to pay to outdo a rival

Loona Bimberton’s being carried in an aeroplane was the talk of the town. She had become very famous due to it and her social prestige had gone onto the top. I couldn’t digest it as her applause had created jealousy in me. Day and night I felt how to counter it. So I thought that a tiger hunt would take me on a higher pedestal than Loona. I lost no time in arranging a tiger hunt with the help of the villagers who were just thirsty for money.

I paid Rs. One thousand to the villagers for getting an aged tiger in the village forest. A goat with a loud bleat was tied at a convenient place.A suitable platform was built in a tree. On the night of the hunt I sat with Lousia Mebbin, my paid companion.

As per pre-arranged plans the tiger came near the goat. He lay flat to regain his strength before attacking his prey. I lost no time in firing the shot. I saw that both the goat and the tiger had been killed. My intentions had been successful.

It was Lousia Mebbin who told me that I had killed the goat with my shot. The tiger had died due to heart failure caused by the rifle shot and old age. She proved herself very cunning and crafty. She blackmailed me that she would tell this fact to Loona Bimberton. I had no choice except to succumb to her blackmailing and had to buy a week-end cottage in Darking for her.

Lesson – 3 The Letter

Summary

Coachman Ali is very old and sick and has been regularly visiting the post office for the last five years. Unfavourable weather and failing health don’t deter him. He religiously visits the post office every day in the hope of receiving a letter from his daughter Miriam, his only child, who had got married to a soldier and left him. Getting a letter from Miriam becomes the most important mission for him and every day Ali is the first one to arrive and the last one to leave, but no letter ever comes for him.But he has great faith and hope that the letter will come. Every day he goes back dejected and Empty-handed. Everyone at the post office considers him mad and derives pleasure in tormenting him.But he patiently tolerated all these humiliations.

Coachman Ali had been a famous shikari in his yester-years. When Miriam left him and did not respond, he realised the pain of suffering and separation. So he gave up hunting altogether.

One day Ali is unwell and reaches the post office with great effort. This makes him impatient and an argument takes place with the postmaster. The postmaster has his own preoccupations; he becomes irritated and calls Ali ‘a pest’. Ali is humiliated, crestfallen but not bereft of hope. While leaving, Ali gives five guineas to Laxmi Das, the clerk, and extracts a promise from him that he will deliver Miriam’s letter to his grave. Ali’s prediction proves true and he is not seen for some time.

By a strange quirk of fate, the postmaster finds himself in a similar situation. His daughter is ill in another town eagerly waiting for his daughter’s letter, when he by chance comes upon Miriam’s letter her father. Since the postman is also suffering the pain of separation, he understands the value of a child’s letter personally to Ali. He is later shocked to discover that Ali has been dead for the past three months. Laxmi Das, the clerk, recounts his last meeting with Ali and the suspicious are further confirmed to see Miriam’s letter lying near the door. To compensate for their bad treatment, both the postmaster and Laxmi Das visit Ali’s grave and place the letter on it.

This proves to be a very traumatic experience for the postmaster. He realises that letters are not just envelopes and postcards, but they have great human worth. The newly awakened father’s heart curses him for illtreating Ali. His only fate is now to wait for his daughter’s letter and spend another night in restless anxiety.

Textual Exercises

Q1. Answer the following questions briefly

a) Who was Ali? Where did he go daily?

b) “Ali displays qualities of love and patience”. Give evidence from the story to support the statement.

c) How do you know Ali was a familiar figure at the post office?

d) Why did Ali give up hunting?

e) What impression do you form from the postmaster after reading the story, “The Letter”?

f) The postmaster says to Ali, “what a pest you are, brother!” do you agree with the statement? Give reasons for your answer.

g) “Ali came out very slowly, turning after every few steps to gaze at the post office. His eyes were filled with tears of helplessness, for his patience was exhausted, even though he still had faith”. Why were Ali’s eyes filled with tears of helplessness? What had exhausted his patience but not his faith?

h) “Tortured by doubt and remorse, he sat down in the glow of the charcoal sigri to wait”. Who is tortured by doubt and remorse? Why? What is he waiting for?

Answers

a) Ali was an old coachman. He went to the post office daily.

b) His love for his only daughter Miriam in his loneliness is clear when he hopes for a touch of love through it.

His going regularly to the post office for over five years to get a letter and waiting patiently for it shows his infinity patience.

c) Ali was now a familiar figure at the post office since every one there knows him well. He had been coming to it regularly for over five years.

d) Ali gave up hunting because now he was getting old and inching towards death.

e) The postmaster in the beginning is ill tempered ,selfish and impatient. But when he faces a situation similar to that of Ali, he changes. He becomes caring, worrying, concerned, patient, helpful, sympathetic and selfless. He also develops the virtue of understanding.

f) I do not agree with it. But given the temperament of the postmaster at this point of the story, he behaves as he should. This speaks of the irresponsible and indifferent attitude of those in power towards the common people. In fact, the postmaster must have shown sympathy to coachman Ali. Ali had been coming steadily to the post office for some solace from his own daughter Miriam.

g) Ali’s eyes were filled with tears of helpless. It was because he could do nothing to leave the postmaster in his rough and uncivilized behavior. His not receiving any letter from Miriam for over a period of five years and the old age has exhausted his patience. But he had still faith that he would receive a letter from Miriam and he did receive that, though even after his death.

h) The postmaster is tortured by doubt and remorse. It is due to what he had seen in Ali’s coming to the post office. Ali had been dead for over three months. But the postmaster had seen him (in the form of a ghost) that early morning.The postmaster now is, obviously, waiting for news from his daughter.

Writing Task

Q1. Tortured by doubt and remorse, the postmaster sits in the glow of a charcoal sigri that night, waiting for news of his daughter. As he sits, he writes his diary.

As the postmaster, writes the diary entry in about 150 words outlining your feelings about the day’s events.

DIARY ENTRY

12^th August 2016 Friday

10 PM

I am overburdened with the feeling of doubt and remorse at what happened today. I saw Ali coming and knocking at the door in his same dress. I duly asked him to come in. he was leaning on his stick and had tears on his face. However, his feature were unearthly. I tried to guess what that could be. But I could not. This made me shrink in fear. I talked about it with Lakshmi Das, and asked more about him. He told me that Ali had died three months ago. This left me in a trouble state of mind. I searched my mind to know who was that who had come to me in the early morning in the post office. Then I understood everything. It was Ali’s ghost which had visited me. I had insulted him while he was alive. I now feel guilty for my rude behaviour. I do not know how I can be free from the guilt about Ali. I went to his grave and offered his letter from Miriam. This was my repentance.

I am feeling a sense of remorse now. In the beginning, I insulted Ali. I laughed at his genuine feelings of love for Miriam when he used to wait for a letter from her. I overlooked the human side of his emotions then. But very soon I found myself in the same predicament. I realized my foolishness towards Ali. This has cut me to pieces. How can I recompensate for my rough and dry behavior towards Ali when he was alive! I really regret that I should not have been harsh to Ali. Postmaster

Poem -1 The Frog And The Nightingale

1.Read the extract and answer the following questions.

"Yes," the frog replied. "You see,
I'm the frog who owns this tree
In this bog I've long been known
For my splendid baritone

a) Who is speaking to whom?

b) What tree is ‘this tree’?

c) What are the two things that the frog claims he is known for in the bog?

d) Explain ‘baritone’

Answers

a) The Frog is speaking to the nightingale.

b) Sumac tree in the Bingle bog.

c) Splendid baritone and bog trumpet.

d) It means a male singing voice.

"Oh! " the nightingale confessed.
Greatly flattered and impressed
That a critic of such note
Had discussed her art and throat:
"I don't think the song's divine.
But - oh, well - at least it's mine".

a) Who was the critic?

b) Why was the nightingale so impressed by him?

c) What does nightingale mean by saying “at least its mine”.

d) Name of the poem and poet.

Answers

a) The frog was the critic

b) Because she felt that the frog was a good and well-known singer.

c) She means that the song is her own original song and she sings for her own pleasure.

d) Poem – The Frog And The Nightingale.

Poet – Vikram Seth

Though subdued and sleep deprived,
In the night her throat revived,
And the sumac tree was bowed,
With a breathless, titled crowd:

a) Who is her in the above lines

b) What has made her subdued and sleep deprived.

c) Explain subdued and sleep deprived.

d) What effect did it have on the frog?

Answers

a) Nightingale

b) subdued means she had no rest and sleep deprived mean lack of sleep.

c) In the day time she used to practice and in the night she would sing for the audience.

d) The frog had earned a lot of income.

"Not too bad - but far too long.
The technique was fine of course,
But it lacked a certain force".

a) Who is the speaker in the above lines

b) What technique is referred to in the above lines.

c) What was the intension of the speaker.

Answers

a) Frog

b) Singing technique

c) He was jealous of the nightingale and wanted to put an end to her.

"But I can't sing in this weather"
"Come my dear - we'll sing together.
Just put on your scarf and sash,
Koo-oh-ah! ko-ash! ko-ash! "

a) Who are referred to here?

b) Why should the scarf and the sash be worn?

c) Bring out the contrasting features of the speakers in the poem.

Answers

a) Nightingale and the frog

b) Because it protects from rainy and cold weather.

c) Nightingale in polite and submissive but the frog is arrogant and authoritative.

Every day the frog who'd sold her
Songs for silver tried to scold her:
"You must practice even longer
Till your voice, like mine grows strong

a) Who is her?

b) How did the frog sell her song for silver?

c) What is the result of the frog’s scolding.

Answers

a) Nightingale.

b) The frog charged admission fees from the audience who came to listen to the nightingale’s song.

c) The result was that the nightingale tried to please the frog agreed to sing despite being unwell and ultimately burst a vein and died

Poem -2 Mirror

1.Read the extract and answer the following questions.

I am silver and exact. I have no preconceptions.
Whatever I see I swallow immediately
Just as it is, unmisted by love or dislike.
I am not cruel, only truthful ‚
The eye of a little god, four-cornered.

a) why does the poet say that the mirror has no pre conceptions?

b) How does the mirror swallow?

c) Why is it called a four corned god?

d) What is the poetic device used here?

Answers

a) Because it shows and reflects what it sees.

b) It takes the exact image that it sees and reflects back the same.

c) The mirror is truthful like the god.

d) Personification.

Most of the time I meditate on the opposite wall.
It is pink, with speckles. I have looked at it so long
I think it is part of my heart. But it flickers.
Faces and darkness separate us over and over.

a) How does the mirror spends its time?

b) What do the pink speckles refer to?

c) How is the contemplation on the opposite walls disturbed?

Answers

a) By meditating on the opposite wall.

b) The cracks and the spots on the walls.

c) the contemplation on the opposite walls is disturbed when the faces and darkness replaces the opposite wall.

Now I am a lake. A woman bends over me,
Searching my reaches for what she really is.
Then she turns to those liars, the candles or the moon.

a) whyisthe women bending over the lake?

b) Is she satisfied with what she absorbed. Give reason for your answer.

c) Why has the candles and moon been called as liars?

d) Why is the mirror called as a lake?

Answers

a) She is bending over to see how she really looks.

b) No, she is not satisfied with what she saw. So she turns to the candles and moon to look beautiful and young.

c) Because they give a false image in one’s look by making them look beautiful and young.

d) Because the lake reflects the image like a mirror.

I see her back, and reflect it faithfully.
She rewards me with tears and an agitation of hands.
I am important to her. She comes and goes.

a) Who is the speaker and who is she?

b) How is the mirror important for the women?

c) What is the reaction on seeing her image?

d) Explain “tears and an agitation of hands”.

Answers

a) The speaker is a mirror and she the women who looks at the mirror.

b) The mirror is important for the women to see her appearance and beauty every day.

c) She feels upset and sheds tears.

d) She is upset and annoyed at loosing her beauty.

Each morning it is her face that replaces the darkness.
In me she has drowned a young girl, and in me an old woman
Rises toward her day after day, like a terrible fish.

a) Name the poem and the poet.

b) List the qualities of the mirror mentioned in the poem?

c) How does the women express her anguish?

d) Explain “In me she has drowned a young girl, and in me an old woman Rises toward her day after day, like a terrible fish”.

Answers

a) Poem – Mirror

Poet - Sylvia Plath

b) Exact, Truthful, Faithful and Unmisted.

c) the women expresses her anguish by bringing tears in her eyes and showing agitation of her hands.

d) It means that the women looks into the mirror everyday and sees that gradually the young women grows into an old women.

Poem -3 Not Marble Nor the Guilded Monument

1.Read the extract and answer the following questions.

Not marble, nor the gilded monuments
Of princes, shall outlive this powerful rhyme;
But you shall shine more bright in these contents
Than unswept stone, besmear'd with sluttish time.

a) “This powerful rhyme” here is _________.

b) “You shall shine more bright in these contents” means

c) “Time” here has been personified to

Answers

a) This very sonnet , this poem

b) The poet’s beloved shall shine brightly in this sonnet

c) Show its supreme power

When wasteful war shall statues overturn,
And broils root out the work of masonry,
Nor Mars his sword nor war's quick fire shall burn
The living record of your memory.

a) The wars has been described as ‘wastful’ because it

b) The work of masonry here is

c) The poet’s beloved has been immortalised here in the form of

Answers

a) Destroys everything

b) Monuments built in memory of kings and princes

c) This sonnet

'Gainst death and all-oblivious enmity
Shall you pace forth; your praise shall still find room
Even in the eyes of all posterity
That wear this world out to the ending doom.

a) What will pace forth against death and enimity?

b) Till when shall the ‘praise’ live ?

c) The poet through this sonnet wants to prove that

Answers

a) Living memory of the poet’s beloved

b) Till the edge of ending doom

c) His beloved is immortal.

Drama ; The Dear Departed

Q1. Read the following extracts and answer the following question.

§ They’re coming to talk over poor grandpa’s affairs. Your father send them a telegram as soon as we found he was dead. (A noise is heard)

Good gracious, that’s never them.

Questions

a) Who is the speaker here of these lines?

b) What is the ‘noise’ all about

c) The speaker is amazed because..............

Answers

a) Mrs. Slater

b) The noise is all about the coming of Elizabeth and her husband, Ben.

c) She never expected Elizabeth and Ben at this hour.

§ She'll come fast enough after her share of what grandfather's left. You know how hard she can be when she likes. Where she gets it from I can't tell

Questions

a) Who is the speaker here of these lines?

b) What is ‘she’ here? What will she be hard about.

c) What kind of relationship does the speaker have with she.

Answers

a) Mrs. Slater

b) She here is Elizabeth. She will be hard about getting her share.

c) The speaker has a kind of sour relationship with she.

§ Henry, I've been thinking about that bureau of grandfather's that's in his bedroom.You know I always wanted to have it after he died.

HENRY : You must arrange with Elizabeth when you're dividing things up.

Questions

a) Who is the speaker here of these lines?

b) What does the speaker do with the bereau? What does it show of the speakers character ?

c) What do you learn from Henry’s trait from what he says?

Answers

a) Mrs. Slater

b) Mrs. Slater, gets it brought downstairs. It reflects her greedy and mean nature .

c) Henry’s honesty, fair nature, and good demeanour are reflected here.

§ Victoria :(after a moment's thought.):Are we pinching it before Aunt Elizabeth comes?

HENRY : No, my child. Grandpa gave it to your mother before he died.

Questions

a) Who is the speaker here of the first line?

b) What is being pinched here? By whom? What character trait of the speaker is seen here?

c) What is ‘it’ here in the last line

Answers

a) Victoria their daughter

b) Grandpa’s ‘bureau’ is being pinched here by Mrs. Slater and her husband Henry. Honesty and innocence are reflected here of Victoria

c) Grandpa’s bureau.

§ BEN (chirpily): Now, Amelia, you mustn't give way. We've all got to die some time or other. It might have been worse.

MRS. SLATER : I don't see how.

BEN : It might have been one of us.

Questions

a) When does Ben say these lines

b) Explain ‘ Itmight have been worse’.

c) What does Ben mean by the last line here?

Answers

a) Ben says these lines when all of them are talking about grandpa’s affairs.

b) Worse than the simple death of grandpa could have happened

c) Ben means that grandpa died. But anyone of them could have died.

§ MRS. SLATER : We've ordered ours, you may be sure. I never could fancy buying ready-made things.

MRS. JORDAN : No? For myself it's such a relief to get into the black. And now perhaps you'll tell us all about it. What did the doctor say?

Questions

a) What have Mrs Slater and her husband ordered?

b) What does the dramatist want to say about Mrs. Jordan through what she says?

c) What kind of women are both Mrs. Slater and Mrs. Jordan?

Answers

a) Both have ordered the mourning dress to be worn at the death of their father.

b) That both the sisters are just hollow and unscrupulous.

c) Both of them are greedy, hollow and unscrupulous.

§ MRS.SLATER : You want a whole poem. That'll cost a good lot.

MRS.JORDAN : Well, we'll think about it after tea, and then we'll look through

his bits of things and make a list of them. There's all the

furniture in his room.

Questions

a) What Mrs Slater says here proves that she......

b) What is more important for Mrs Jordan than Abel’s death.

c) Why does Mrs Jordan refer to the furniture here?

Answers

a) she is more concerned about every penny than what is what to be spent honourably on the sad occasion of Abel’s death.

b) Taking tea

c) For her it is more important than any other thing connected with her father’s death.

§ MRS.SLATER : That public-house that John Shorrock's widow keeps. He is

always hanging about there. Oh, is he hasn't paid it -

BEN : Do you think he hasn't paid it?Was it overdue?

MRS.SLATER : I should think it was overdue.

Questions

a) Who is ‘he’ in the first line?

b) What hasn’t ‘he’ paid?

c) What impression do you form about both the speakers here?

Answers

a) He here is Abel.

b) He, that is Abel hasn’t paid the insurance premium.

c) My impression here about both the persons here is very poor. They are not bothered about what they must do on the occasion of Abel’s death. Thet are concerned more about grabbing his things.

§ After all I've done for him, having to put up with him in the

house these three years. It's nothing short of swindling.

MRS.JORDAN : I had to put up with him for five years.

Questions

a) Who is the speaker hereto whom Mrs Jordan answers thus?

b) What is swindling here for the speaker

c) What character traits of both are shown here

Answers

a) Mrs Slater

b) Because she has to keep her father for three years

c) Greediness, selfishness, and unscrupulousness.

§ ABEL : Aye, I'm right enough but for a bit of a headache. T wouldn't

mind betting that I'm not the first in this house to be carried to

the cemetery. I always think Henry there looks none to healthy.

Questions

a) What fore have both Mrs and Mr Jordan came to Mrs Slater’s house.

b) What was the thought of Abel that morning

c) How is humour created here?

Answers

a) They have come their to get the share of their father’s things.

b) He was thought to be dead

c) Abel creates this by saying that Henry looks like being taken to cemetery rather than him as he looks pale

§ MRS.JORDAN : Amelia and Henry. They've stolen your clock and bureau.

They sneaked into your room like a thief in the night and stole them after you were dead.

HENRY and MRS.SLATER: Hush! Quiet, Elizabeth!

Questions

a) To whom is Mrs Jordan speaking these lines here?

b) How do HENRYand MRS.SLATER react

c) How do you look at them at this juncture of play

Answers

a) Mrs Jordan speaking these lines to Abel.

b) Both of them reacts angrily to this and ask Mrs Jordan to keep quite.

c) They all are mean, greedy people

§ MRS.SLATER : No, if I'm not to have him, you shan't either. We quarrelled

because Elizabeth said she wouldn't take you off our hands at

any price. She said she'd enough of you to last a lifetime, and

we'd got to keep you.

ABEL : It seems to me that neither of you has any cause to feel proud

about the way you've treated me.

Questions

a) Why does Mrs Slater want to keep Abel with them as given here

b) Why does Mrs Slater want to keep Abel with them actually.

c) How does father frustrate the designs of both Mrs Slater and MrsJordan.

Answers

a) Because her sister won’t keep Abel with them

b) The father earlier promised that all his things would go to the one with whom he had been living at the time of his death.

c) Father frustrate the designs of both Mrs Slater and Mrs Jordan by getting married again next Monday.

THE STORY OF MY LIFE

HELENKELLER
Q) How did Miss Sullivan help Helen in learning to read? What did Helen say about her teacher Miss Sullivan?

Ans) Miss Sullivan worked very hard with Helen. She gave her slips of cardboard having printed words in raised letters. She learnt that each printed word stood for an object, an act, or a quality. She had a frame in which she could arrange the words in little sentences. Before she put the sentences in the frame she used to make them in objects. She found slips of paper which represented words like “doll” “is” “on” “bed”. She placed these slips to make a sentence. In this way she learnt to make sentences. Same way she learnt “girl is in wardrobe” and played this game for hours which delighted her. She took the book “Reader for Beginners” and hunted for the words she knew. She enjoyed it as the game of hide-and-seek. Thus she began to read. Miss Sullivan was a very important person in Helen’s life. It was she who brought light in the life of a blind girl. Helen appreciates her teacher Miss Sullivan wholeheartedly. She says that it was her teacher’s genius, her quick sympathy, her loving tact which made the first years of her education so beautiful.

Q) what became one of Helen’s past time? How did she view nature? In what way did Helen consider herself lucky with regard to nature?

Ans) Helen got closer to the objects of nature and the world with the help of her teacher. Miss Sullivan took her by hand from place to place and acquainted her with places, trees, flowers and birds. Helen was also interested in their nests. She was interested in knowing about nature from her early childhood like how plants grow, how animals get their food and so on. She rejoiced in the company of natural objects.

Q) Write a brief character sketch of Dr. Alexander Graham Bell.

Ans) Helen held Dr. Alexander Graham Bell in high esteem. Keller sensed Bell’s tender disposition. As a child Helen felt the tenderness and sympathy for Dr. Alexander Graham Bell. He was a wonderful person with wonderful achievements. He was admired by all. The Story Of My Life is dedicated to him. Keller met him first when she was six years old. She was brought to him by her parents for advice on how to teach her. Dr. Alexander Graham Bell guided them to contact the Perkins Institution for the blind. They followed his advice. There was a good bond of friendship between Dr. Alexander Graham Bell and Helen. He remained a friend to Sullivan also. He accompanied them on a trip to the world’s fair. Dr. Alexander Graham Bell made Helen understand how it was possible to send a message on wires that mock space and outrun time. Along with being a great inventor, Dr. Alexander Graham Bell had a humorous and poetic side too. His dominating passion was his love for children. He was never quite happy as when he had a little deaf child in his arms.

SOLVED SAMPLE QUESTION PAPER

English Communicative-X

Time allowed: 3 hours Max. Marks: 70

The question paper is divided into three sections:

Section A: Reading

Section B: Writing Skills and Grammar

Section C: Literature Textbook and Long Reading Text

GENERAL INSTRUCTIONS

1. All questions are compulsory.

2. You may attempt any one section at a time.

1) Read the passage given below and answer the questions that follow:

Is the internet somehow responsible for reducing our collective intelligence? Web giant Google, standing in for the internet in general, has been accused of everything from killing critical thinking to ruining mode imagination. Article in a leading American magazine has gone so far as to suggest that the internet is ‘flattening’ our intelligence by leaving us unable to read offline. So, do these doomsayers have a point? Has the so called information revolution mortally wounded mankind’s ability to think critically?

We think not. It is hard to think of a technology that did not inspire fear when it was introduced. Socrates feared the impact that writing would have on the way people thought. Recent commentators have shown a lucide attitude towards the internet in much the same way the people once protested against the book. When the book became indispensable to our intellectual pursuit, television was—and sometimes still is—characterised as as the ‘idiot box’. And now that the internet has become so much a part of the fabric of our lives, reactions to it have got stronger.

That the internet has made so much information easily accessible to us short a time has meant that we have developed the capacity to absorb information at a speed undreamt of in history. This process is bound to affect our reading habit. While on paper, the reader must focus on the author’s vision for a sustained period of time, on the internet she/he is free to skip around and compose her/his own narrative structure, reading a paragraph here or there. Perhaps it is true that more people are getting their information online, at the expense of readingoffline. This is not a bad thing, however. The internet makes us develop different kinds of skills, such as locating information quickly and corroborating that information from other source. These skills can be just as demanding as wading through a 400-pages book.

The mistake that critics of the internet make is in regarding it as something of a frankenstein’s monster, a creation of mankind that has already spun out of control and will come back to haunt him. But this is hardly accurate. When any civilisation comes into contact with anew technology, it changes in profound and unexpected ways. That’s happened before and will happen again.

(a) Howhas Google harmed the young people?

(b)Why did people initially protest against books?

(c)How does internet affect our reading habits?

(d)Which skills are developed by the internet? How?

(e)Why do critics feel that the internet is like frankenstein’s monster?

(f)What makes the skillof locating information more demanding?

(g)Find out a word from the passage which means the same as ‘extremely important and necessary’.

(h)find out a word from the passage opposite to the word ‘unattainable’.

2. Read the passage given below and answer the questions that follow:

Illegal hunting in tiger reserves or any attempt to encroach on reserve lands in the country could soon incur a jail term of not less than seven years and a fine of up to Rs.50 lakhs. Further, poachers having a second run-in with the law could be up for stiffer punishment as a deterrent.

These are some of the clauses in the amendments proposed to the Wildlife Protection Act by the Union Environment and Forests Ministry. The amendments, if cleared by Parliament, will raise penalties for all contraventions of the legistation, besides bringing in a slew of other key changes in the wildlife management, aimed at empowering the Forest Department and channelizing wildlife research.

According to the amendments proposed, offences relating to animals listed endangered or critical could now incur a jail term of not less than five years, compared to the one-year jail term at present. The fine that can be imposed in such cases will be a minimum of Rs. 5 lakhs as compared to the upper ceiling of Rs. 25,000 imposed earlier.

Known poachers could be in for more trouble as a second offence will attract a jail term of not less than 7 years. They could also be fined uptoRs. 25 lakhs.

While some wildlife enthusiasts have been keen on such stiff penalties to deter criminals, the demand has been tampered by critiques pointing out the abysmally low conviction rate in such cases – roughly about 1%. To ensure more criminals are brought to book, the proposed legislation empowers the judge or magistrate to allow detention of the accused in the custody of the Forest Department for up to seven days to facilitate investigations.

Tribal rights advocacy groups, however, have warned of how stringent clauses of the Forest and Wildlife Act and policing powers handed to the Forest Department have been disproportionately used against poor forest-dwellers and tribals as a form of intimidation. The new amendments do intend to reduce some pressure on forest-dwellers by allowing them access to drinking and other household water sources within sanctuaries and parks – a basic necessity that was not provided for earlier.

The proposed changes also seek to empower the Forest Department to take on criminals more effectively. Along with tightening the noose around poachers, it demands the same penalty for those abetting the crime, Anyone providing a room to an alleged poacher to carry the animal, for instance, will be prosecuted for the same penalties as the poacher himself. This proposal, again, holds strong potential of being misused against poorer triblas, forest-dwellers and small-time poachers instead of craching down on the organized poaching network that operates across borders.

The amendment bill also looks at wildlife research, attempting to systemize the process of granting rights to researchers. The adhoc mechanism prevailing at present, leaving research organizations at the mercy of officers in the field, could now possibly come to an end once the bill is approved.

a) What is the punishment for illegal hunting in tiger reserves? (2x4=8)

b) Why is there severe penalty for offences towards endangered species?

c) How does the new amendment help the poor people living in the forests?

d) How does the new amendment promote research work on wildlife?

e) Choose the appropriate answer:

1. Identify the word which means the same as ‘trespass’.

(i) poachers (ii) deterrent (iii) encroach (iv) incur

2. Find out a word which is the opposite of ‘reward’.

(i) award (ii) legislation (iii) proposed (iv) penalty

8. The word ‘poacher’ means a person who:

(i) lives with the animals

(ii) uses animals for entertainment

(iii) eats the flesh of animals

(iv) steals or kills animals illegally

9. Which of the following words mean the same as ‘to hold a trial against an accused’?

(i) amendment (ii) legislation (iii) offenses (iv) prosecuted

Section – B

WRITING SKILLS WITH GRAMMAR

3) Eating of fast food, lake of exercise and activity and overuse of mobile andinternet have been causing lifestyle diseases such as obesity, heart disease, diabetes etc. among children. Write a letter to the editor of a newspaper on the rising tendency of lifestyle diseases among school children, giving your suggestion to prevent them. You are Sanchit/Sapna. 5

Yamuna in Delhi has became extremely polluted. It has been reduced almost to a drain. Write an article in about 120 words giving suggestion to clean the river and the role played by the young people.

4) Complete the following story in about 150—200 words:

Murli was playing in the neighbourhood park. He was so busy in his game that he didn’t realise that it had became dark. Suddenly, he heard a man crying for help. He reached near the man and saw a............................... 10

GRAMMAR

5) Fill in the blanks with suitable words:

I do not have (a).................. friends. Being a man of few words, people hesitate (b).................... spend their leisure time in (c)..................... company. (1x3=3)

6). In the passage given below, one word has been omitted in each line. Write the missing word along with the word that comes before and after it. Ensure that the word that forms your answer is underlined. The first one given as an example:

Every year, many people the temple people visit the

town of Kanchipuram Tamil Nadu. The a) __________________________

piligrims have going there in large b) __________________________

numbers many centuries c) __________________________

because want to see the d) __________________________

splendid architecture of the temples (1x4=4)

7). Rearrange the following words to form meaningful sentences: (1x3=3)

(a) the / there / deeply / Asish / atmosphere / was / moved / by

(b) to / the / to / decided / himself / the / devote / He / fully / serving / nation / of

SECTION – C

LITERATURE AND TEXTBOOK AND LONG READING TEXT

8) Read the passage given below and aswer the questions that follow: (1x3=3)

“Here look at this!” and Ali produced an old tin box and emptied five golden guines into the surprised clerk’s hands. “Do not look so startled”, he continued. “They will be useful to you” and they can never be to me.

(a) Why did Ali give five golden guines to the clerk?

(b) Why were the golden guines of no use to Ali now?

‘The technique was fine ofcourse

But it lacked a certain force’.

“oh!” the nightingale confessed.

Greatly flattered and impressed

That a critic of such note

Had discussed her art and throat’

(a) Who is ‘critic’ mentioned here?

(b) Why was the ‘critic’ not impressed by her song?

9) Answer the following questions in about 30-40 words each: (2x4=8)

(a) Why was the author surprised to see Nicola and Jacopo working as shoeshine boys?

(b) How does the mirror usually pass its time?

(d) How does war destroy the monuments?

10) Answer the following question in about 80-100 words: (4 marks)

How does the writer make fun of the arrangements made by the villagers for tiger shooting, though it is serious and risky affair?

Compare and contrast the characters of the two daughters – Mrs. Slater and Mrs. Jordan.

11) Answer the following questions in about 150-200 words: (10 marks)

How did Helen enjoy her journey to Baltimore?

Write a character sketch of Dr. Alexander Graham Bell of Washington.

Solutions to Sample Paper

SECTION A

1. (a) They do not use their own creative ideas and lack originality.

(b) They feared the impact that books would have on the way people thought.

(d) Skills such as locating information quickly and corroborating that information from other sources.

(e) Because just the way Frankentein’s monster haunted its creator, similarly internet would spark back and haunt humanity and it would be a complete mayhem.

(f) Because one has to read more material to get the answer.

(g) Indispensable

(h) accessible

2. (a) A jail term of not less than seven years and a fine up to Rs. 50 lakhs.

(b) Because they are in the list of protected animals and cannot be harmed.

(c) The new amendments intend to reduce some pressure on the poor people living in the forests by allowing them to access to drinking and other house hold water sources within sanctuaries and parks.

(d) Research organizers need not go to the officers to have rights, they could easily get the rights for research work.

(e) 1. (iii) encroach

2. (iv) penalty

3. (iv) steals and kills animals illegally

4. (iv) prosecuted

SECTION B

3. The Editor

The Hindusthan Times

Kasturba Gandhi Marg

Delhi

25^th November 2015

Sir,

Through the esteemed pages of your highly reputed newspaper, I would seek the attention of society towards the sedentary lifestyle of the young children. The children are either not allowed to play outdoor or they themselves choose not to go outside to play. Due to overexposure to modern technologies, these young fledglings are wating their initial years in chatting, whatspping. Browsing, etc. and are totally incapable of thinking, creating or solving their day ti day lives. Sometimnes they suffer from diseases like asthma, obesity, high blood pressure and depression, etc.

I think these schools should make them as well as their parents aware about the ill effects of sedentary lifestyles. They should play daily in the school. The neighbourhood parks should be maintained and various competitions of games should be encouraged in schools.

The government should focus on yoga and games to promote physical activities among children.

I hope to influence young children and their parent so that we can be healthy citizens of tomorrow.

With regards,

Truly yours/ Yours truly

Sanchit/Sapna

Clean Yamuna Mission

It is a pity that river Yamuna, which was dear to Lord Krishna is crying to maintain its sanctity. It has been reduced to a dirty and stinking drain unable to flow due to the weight of pollutants thrown in it. I strongly feel that all of us should make efforts to save it from disappearing like the river Saraswati in the past.

It is high time that we realize that we should not throw the ashes and other remnants of worship in the river as they are the main source of pollution. Thousands of factories pour their polluted poisonous water in the river.

The government, NGOs and various educational institutions should come together and control the waste of factories from entering into the river without treatment. More trees should be grown on both banks of the river, people should not throw their garbage or waste in it. Students should be shown films etc. so that they know the real value of the river Yamuna.

4. He went near the man and saw a bleeding tiger cub lying there. The man was crying for help as he felt that the tigress must be around her child. Murli immediately tried to catch hold of the tiger cub, but the man warnedhim not to touch it as the tiger mother would kill him, thinking he was harming her cub. Murli rang the fire brigade which came there to rescure the tiger cub. The tiger cub was looking towards Murli who was smiling at him.

5. (a) many

(b) to

6. (a) Kanchipuram in Tamil

(b) Have been goinh

(d) because they want

7. (a) Ashish was deeply moved by the atmosphere there.

(b) He decided to devote himself fully to the serving of the Nation

SECTION C

8. (a) to give the letter to his daughter at his grave.

(b) He was on his deathbed.

(a) The frog

(b) Her song missed the force and melody

confessed- impressed

The rhyme scheme is aabb

9. (a) Because she saw them selling strawberries the previous day.

(b) By gazing at the wall.

(ii) to go to the insurance office to0 pay his premium.

(iii) to go to St. Philip’s church and get married.

(e) By either sweeping them away or by breaking them into pieces.

10. Funny descriptions of hunting scene:

- constructed a platform on a confortable and conveniently placed tree for the confort of Mrs.Packletide.

- Mrs.Packletide went to sit on the platform with Louisa who was paid money to give her company.

- a goat with persistent bleat was chosen.

- Mrs.Packletide took her pack of thumb nail pack to patience cards there.

- Miss Mebbin was thinking of money all thye time.

- all the villagers were in ambush and connived the killing of tiger because they had been paid for that.

Compare and contrast the characters of Mrs. Slater and Mrs. Jordan.

Mrs. Slater - Clever, smart, good at planning in advance

- very greedy – tries to steal grandfather’s slippers and other belongings

- tries to hide grandfather’s bureau

- no concern for her father

Mrs.Jordan - critical of Mrs. Slater

- very inquisitive and suspiciouys.,

- heartless – doesn’t go to visit her father

- very practical – takes tea before visiting her father

11. (a) Halen’s parents were disturbed to think about the education of Helen. Her father came to know about oculist in Baltimore when she was hardly seven years old. Helen enjoyed this journey because she made friends while travelling in the train. One lady gave her a box of shells. Her father made holes in them and she put strings in them. She remained busy and happy for a long time. She got hold of the punching machine of the conductor. Her aunt made her big doll out of towels which was a comical figure as it was without nose, mouth, eyes and ear. This troubled Helen. She was a very intelligent girl. When she found two beads, she gave them to her aunt to use them as eyes. When her aunt stitched those beads in place of eyes, she became very happy. She enjoyed the journey so much that she did not lose her temper.

Dr. Alexander Graham Bell was the inventor of the telephone. He was well-informed and always helped people. He was very tender-hearted and sympathetic towards Helen which appealed to her very much so she liked him. Helen’s meeting with him changed her life from darkness to light and from isolation to friendship and companionship. He was so helpful that he suggested Helen’s father to contact Dr. Hove to provide a suitable teacher for Helen who had specialized in teaching for the blind.

UNSOLVED QUESTION PAPER FOR PRACTICE

ENGLISH COMMUNICATIVE

Time allowed: 3 hours Maximum Marks: 70

General Instructions

1. The paper is divided into three sections

a) Section A : Reading 20 Marks

b) Section B : Writing & Grammar 25 Marks

c) Section A : Literature 25 Marks

2. All Questions are compulsory.

3. You may attempt any section at a time.

4. All the questions of that particular section must be attempted in the correct order.

SECTION A (Reading)

1. Read the following passage carefully and answer the following questions.

1. New Delhi: At a time when the national capital is grappling with population, there is still a place left in the city which not just maintained its serene environment but is also attracting several migratory birds.

2. Asola-Bhatti Wildlife Sanctuary near Tughlaqabad has become a paradise for migratory birds with both summer and winter birds flocking at the area.

3. Rare feathered resident and migratory birds that have been sighted in the forest area include painted sandgrouse, Indian Golden oriole; chestnut bellied sandgrouse and crested bunting. This has become possible due to the relentless effort of the Territorial Army’sEco Battalion and the Bombay Natural history Society (BNHS), who have been working since more than a decade to infuse a fresh life into the forest area.

4. The 132th Eco Task Force—a battalion of retired army men commanded by a serving officer—have planted several saplings in the area since 2001. These saplings have now grown into trees making the Asola and Bhatti Wildlife Sanctuary an ecologically rich area.

5. The painted sandgrouse, an endemic bird, can be spotted only in Asola and Bhatti mines in Delhi. “It is a rare bird even in AsolaBhatti Wildlife Sanctuary. Maximum number that I have seen is a flock of four birds,” said Surya Prakash, an avid bird watcher and naturalist who has been surveying Asola for a decade now and Bhatti Mines for 5-6 years for the documentation of ‘Avian Life’ for BNHS and the forest department.

6. The red headed vulture, which is critically endangered and have not been reported from any other part of the Delhi after early 1990s, is a regular feature here as is the Egyptian vulture, which is also an endangered bird, is also regularly spotted here.

7. The Indian golden oriole, another summer migratory bird, has a very interesting feature. During summers, it migrates from the foothills of the Himalayas to Delhi to breed and stay till September.

8. More than 150 species of birds, several species of butterflies, reptiles and mammals that are difficult to find elsewhere in the city can be spotted here due to restoration of suitable habitats. “The mammals that can also be spotted here, include three species of mongoose, Indian crested porcupines, golden jackal, blue bulls, black napped hare and a pack of striped hyenas,” said Prakash.

Answer the following

a) Why is AsolaBhatti Wildlife Sanctuary famous?

b) Name some bird that have been sighted in the forest area.

c) What is the contribution of BNHS in maintaining life in the forest area?

d) What helped Bhatti Wildlife Sanctuary in becoming an ecologically rich area?

e) Which bird can be spotted only in Asola and Bhatti mines in Delhi?

f) Who has the responsibility of documenting “Avian life” for BNHS and the forest department?

g) Which bird has been declared as endangered that regularly visit the forest area?

h) Name the mammals found in the forest area.

2. Read the following and answer the questions. 12M

1. It is often said that help comes to those who ask for it, which is why you must give vent to your pent up insecurities. You will need to open up and talk about your troubles. If you are close to your family or friends, then it would be nice to talk to someone you consider wise, and seek advice about your inner turmoil. In order to be able to trust yourself, you will need to believe in your worth as a human being. You will need to face yours fears and tackle them, one by one. If your biggest fear is low confidence, you will need to find ways to build your self-confidence.

2. However, for this you will need all the confidence you can muster from within. Do not allow anyone to tell you that you are not good enough for something. You alone should be the judge of whether you are suitable or unsuitable for accomplishing a particular task. Bad role models will sap you of your growing will-power and faith in yourself, and thus must be avoided at all costs.

3. You have to stop badgering yourself over your shortcomings, and work on your weaknesses to make yourself better. You must learn to respect other individuals, as well as yourself and the person you are. Everyone has their own set of talents and drawbacks which is what makes them the people they are. Stop allowing stereotypical ideologies and trends to make you feel inadequate or insignificant. Accept the person you are, and you will not be burdened by other people’s expectations.

4. Once you begin to develop a stronger self-esteem, you will gradually unravel the innate qualities of your personality. You will understand the things you are capable of and can achieve, things you never had the confidence to try before. Progress is in our hands, and we are the ones to decide if we are ready and adequately prepared to take on challenges as and when they present themselves to us. Every failure is a stepping-stone to success, and we keep learning along the way. We will be wiser tomorrow than we think we are today, simply because we observe and learn from our past-experiences.

9.1. Answer the following questions in about 30-40 words.

i) Who can help us in resolving our inner turmoil?

j) How can one build one’s self confidence?

k) Why should we not feel burdened by other people’s expectations?

l) How is a stronger self-esteem beneficial in making us a better person?

9.2. Read the following questions and write the option you consider the most appropriate in your answer sheet

a) A word that means the same as ‘to release some strong feelings’ is____________.

i. Pent up

ii. Give vent

iii. Muster

iv. To observe

b) ‘To take away someone’s energy’ is reformed as ‘to__________.

i. Muster

ii. Unravel

iii. Vent

iv. Sap

c) Which one of the following is opposite in meaning to ‘peace’?

i. Turmoil

ii. Failure

iii. Fear

iv. Drawback

d) The word ‘harassing’ can be best replaced with

i. Accomplishing

ii. Allowing

iii. Badgering

iv. shortcoming

SECTION B-(WRITING AND GRAMMAR)

1. Write an article on the topic “ Smart Phones: A Modern utility or a Health Hazard “ using hints given below in not more than 100-120 words.

Hints ; Growing popularity among all age groups – keeps connected --- handy --- electromagnetic radiation—distraction while driving – studies getting effected—is it safe…

______________________________________________________________

2. Complete the story in about 150-200 words with the help of the given beginning.

It was a pleasant quiet day while I was watching T.V. my mom was in the kitchen preparing the breakfast. I suddenly heard my sister scream loudly, “Oh! My puppy Bruno!........................”

3. Fill in the blanks using one word in each blank.

Created (a) ………… 1936, Corbett was the first wildlife park in modern India. Besides the tiger (b) …………….. the Asian elephant, the area is known (c) ……………… a large number of sub Himalayan species, and, in the summer, an equally large number (d) ……………….. breeding migrants. It is bursting (e) ……………… animal life, and a must visit destination (f) ………. various animals, including Great Hornbill, Himalayan Pied Kingfisher, Tawny Fish Owl, Dollarbird, and Rusty-Cheeked Scimitar Babbler, among others are there..

4. In the passage given below, one word has been omitted in each line. Write the missing word along with the word that comes before and the words that comes after it in the space provided.

Before Word After

a) Just a few weeks after Olympic ………… ………..………….

Games, it’s time for the Paraolympics.

b) They are the Olympic event ………… ……….. ………….

Athletes with physical and mental disabilities

c) And now usually take place ………… ……….. ………….

d) The same cities have also hosted………… ……….. ………….

the Olympic.

e) The idea of Paraolympic games born………… ……… ………….

In 1948, when sir Ludwig

f) Guttmann a sports competition ………… ……….. ………….

In England for World War II

g) Veterans physical disabilities. ………… ……….. ………….

In 1960, the Paraolympic finally

h) Became Olympic event 400 athletes……… ……….. ……….

came to the first Paraolympic Games in Rome in 1960.

5. Rearrange the following words to make meaningful sentences.

a) lycopene / vitamin / rich / Watermelon / A and C / like / antioxidants / source / of / is / a / and

b) signs / free / reducing / body / the / helps / ageing / radicals / in / of / preventing / it / and

c) keeping / skin / the / a / option / good / high / content / hydrated / water / its / for / is

SECTION C (LITERATURE TEXT AND LONG READING TEXT)

6. Read the following extract and answer the following

How amused everyone would be if they knew what really happened,” said LousiaMebbin a few days after the ball.

a) Who said these lines and in what context?

b) What had really happened?

c) Which word means same as ‘pleased’?

Trembling, terrified to fail

Blind with tears, the nightingale

Heard him out in silence, tried,

Puffed up, burst a vein, and died

a) Why was the nightingale terrified?

b) Whom did the nightingale hear in silence and why?

c) What does the expression ‘puffed up’ mean?

7. Answer the following in 30-40 words

a) Why did grandfather change his will? Did it please the daughters?

b) What brings about a change in the postmaster’s opinion of Ali? Explain.

c) Why were Nicola and Jacopo working hard? What does this tell you about them

d) Why does the poet say ‘you shall shine more bright in these contents’?

8. Answer the following questions in 80-100 words.

What qualities does the mirror reflect in the poem ‘Mirror’? Support your answer with suitable examples.

Mrs. Packletide’s Tiger portrays feeling of jealousy, ill-will, blackmailing and tendencies to show off in society. Prove the statement with reference to the story. What values do you learn?

9. What were the fears surrounding Helen Keller in her childhood? Who helped her in overcoming those fears?

“Keep your face to the sunshine and you can’t see the shadow,” describe the quote keeping in mind the qualities of Helen Keller that helped her in becoming a great person.

___________X_____________

LANGUAGE AND LITERATURE

Sunday, 22 January 2017

TERM 1 STUDY MATERIAL

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